Last updated August 21, 2026
Key finding
Sphingomyelins were significantly elevated during low carbohydrate diet.
This study investigated lipidomic profiles in individuals with type 1 diabetes undergoing dietary changes, revealing significant elevations in certain lipids during a low carbohydrate diet.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
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Study focus
This study investigated lipidomic profiles in individuals with type 1 diabetes undergoing dietary changes, revealing significant elevations in certain lipids during a low carbohydrate diet.
Understanding how different dietary patterns affect lipid profiles in individuals with type 1 diabetes is crucial for managing their condition. The findings suggest that a low carbohydrate diet may positively influence lipid metabolism, potentially leading to improved cardiovascular health outcomes in this population.
The study had a limited sample size. Findings may not be generalizable to all individuals with type 1 diabetes. The duration of dietary interventions was not specified.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Naba A, Signe S, Tommi S, et al. Lipidomic profiles in individuals with type 1 diabetes during carbohydrate dietary changes. Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism. 2021;4(2):e00213. doi:10.1002/edm2.213
Sphingomyelins were significantly elevated during the low carbohydrate diet.
Phosphatidylcholines were significantly elevated during the low carbohydrate diet.
HDL cholesterol increased by 0.06 mmol/L during the low carbohydrate diet.
Evidence network
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This study contributes evidence to High-carbohydrate diet, Low-carbohydrate diet and Elevated sphingomyelin concentration during low carbohydrate diet, HDL cholesterol, Lysophosphatidylcholine, and 1 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
High-carbohydrate diet
Primary outcomes
Primary intervention
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
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Related topics
8
Evidence pairs
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Primary evidence
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Intervention
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Outcome
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Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
High-carbohydrate diet → Elevated sphingomyelin concentration during low carbohydrate diet
High-carbohydrate diet → Elevated sphingomyelin concentration during low carbohydrate diet
High-carbohydrate diet → Lysophosphatidylcholine
High-carbohydrate diet → Lysophosphatidylcholine
High-carbohydrate diet → Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) O-16:0 concentration
High-carbohydrate diet → Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) O-16:0 concentration
Low-carbohydrate diet → Elevated sphingomyelin concentration during low carbohydrate diet
Low-carbohydrate diet → Elevated sphingomyelin concentration during low carbohydrate diet
Low-carbohydrate diet → Lysophosphatidylcholine
Low-carbohydrate diet → Lysophosphatidylcholine
Low-carbohydrate diet → Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) O-16:0 concentration
Low-carbohydrate diet → Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) O-16:0 concentration
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education and Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers, High-carbohydrate diet and Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Diet and Nutrition
Diet and Nutrition
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers
Measures Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers as a key outcome.
All studies on Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education
Contributes to Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education evidence base.
All studies on High-carbohydrate diet
Contributes to High-carbohydrate diet evidence base.
All studies measuring Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) O-16:0 concentration
Measures Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) O-16:0 concentration as a key outcome.
Jump to pre-filtered views in Evidence Explorer.
3 results
1 results
3 results
1 results
3 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education appears to improve Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
HDL cholesterol
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 67.8 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 3 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
Low-carbohydrate diet appears to improve Elevated sphingomyelin concentration during low carbohydrate diet.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Elevated sphingomyelin concentration during low carbohydrate diet
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Low-carbohydrate diet appears to improve Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) O-16:0 concentration.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) O-16:0 concentration
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of High-carbohydrate diet for Elevated sphingomyelin concentration during low carbohydrate diet.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Elevated sphingomyelin concentration during low carbohydrate diet
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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