HarmfulDecrease
C-peptide
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ → C-peptide
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ → C-peptide
Evidence profile
HarmfulDecreaseMetabolic Health
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Research Summary
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™
Magnesium from Deep Seawater Improves Insulin Resistance
Key finding
Fasting insulin levels improved compared to the placebo group.
This study investigated the effects of magnesium-containing deep seawater mineral extracts on insulin resistance in patients with impaired glucose tolerance, showing improvements in several insulin-related markers.
Evidence strength
Moderate confidence
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Some Concerns bias
Last updated July 6, 2026Quick read
Study at a glance
The essential study design details in one scan.
Population
Young Adult (19–39), Middle Aged (40-64), Male, Female, Asia-Pacific (APAC), with T2 Diabetes
Intervention
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Primary outcome
Fasting insulin levels
Comparator
Placebo group
Plain-language summary
What this paper says
A plain-language read of the study's main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study investigated the effects of magnesium-containing deep seawater mineral extracts on insulin resistance in patients with impaired glucose tolerance, showing improvements in several insulin-related markers.
Clinical relevance
Improving insulin sensitivity is crucial for managing conditions like prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. This study suggests that magnesium from deep seawater may be a beneficial supplement for individuals with impaired glucose tolerance, potentially aiding in the prevention of diabetes progression.
Keep in mind
The effectiveness of the intervention remains unclear due to lack of significant findings in some glucose measures. The study's sample size and demographic may limit generalizability. No long-term effects were assessed beyond the intervention period.
Published in
Journal Reference
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Ji YH, You KJ, Byong YJ, Yun HS, Åke S. Effects of Magnesium-Containing Deep Seawater Mineral Extracts on Insulin Resistance in Patients with Impaired Glucose Tolerance. Medicina. 2024;60(8):1265. doi:10.3390/medicina60081265
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Main Effects
Fasting insulin levels improved compared to the placebo group.
C-peptide levels improved compared to the placebo group.
HOMA-IR values improved compared to the placebo group.
QUICKI values improved compared to the placebo group.
Evidence network
How this study fits
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
Evidence Context
This study contributes evidence to Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ and C-peptide, C-peptide incremental area under the curve (iAUC), Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), and 7 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+
Primary outcomes
- C-peptide
- C-peptide incremental area under the curve (iAUC)
- Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Evidence relationships
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
10
Evidence pairs
10
Relationships
2
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence
Editorial context
Why this study matters
See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.
Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 64
2
Related topics
10
Evidence pairs
270
Related studies
High relevance in at least one topic
Why it is useful
- Contributes to 10 evidence relationships
- Includes primary outcome data
- Linked to 2 direct semantic evidence topics
Topic contributions
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Core evidence
Study findings
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
NoneNo Change
C-peptide incremental area under the curve (iAUC)
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ → C-peptide incremental area under the curve (iAUC)
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ → C-peptide incremental area under the curve (iAUC)
Evidence profile
NoneNo ChangeGlycemic Control
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StrongDecrease
Fasting insulin levels
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ → Fasting insulin levels
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ → Fasting insulin levels
Evidence profile
StrongDecreaseMetabolic Health
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NoneNo Change
Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Evidence profile
NoneNo ChangeGlycemic Control
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NoneNo Change
Glucose iAUC (OGTT)
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ → Glucose iAUC (OGTT)
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ → Glucose iAUC (OGTT)
Evidence profile
NoneNo ChangeGlycemic Control
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NoneNo Change
HbA1c
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ → HbA1c
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ → HbA1c
Evidence profile
NoneNo ChangeGlycemic Control
Unlock full evidence details
HarmfulDecrease
Homeostatic Model Assessment of Beta-cell function (HOMA-β)
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ → Homeostatic Model Assessment of Beta-cell function (HOMA-β)
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ → Homeostatic Model Assessment of Beta-cell function (HOMA-β)
Evidence profile
HarmfulDecreaseGlycemic Control
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StrongDecrease
Insulin resistance
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ → Insulin resistance
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ → Insulin resistance
Evidence profile
StrongDecreaseMetabolic Health
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HarmfulDecrease
Insulin sensitivity
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ → Insulin sensitivity
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ → Insulin sensitivity
Evidence profile
HarmfulDecreaseMetabolic Health
Unlock full evidence details
HarmfulDecrease
Stumvoll insulin sensitivity index
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ → Stumvoll insulin sensitivity index
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ → Stumvoll insulin sensitivity index
Evidence profile
HarmfulDecreaseMetabolic Health
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Create a free account to access effectiveness ratings, evidence strength and depth scores, consistency analysis, and direct links to all supporting studies.
Evidence Suggest
- Fasting insulin levels improved significantly in the treatment group.
- C-peptide and HOMA-IR values also showed improvement.
- No significant changes were observed in fasting plasma glucose or HbA1c.
Who this applies to
- Adults with impaired glucose tolerance.
- Individuals at risk for developing type 2 diabetes.
Keep in Mind
- Results may not apply to populations outside the study's demographic.
- Further research is needed to confirm long-term benefits.
- The study did not measure all potential confounding factors.
Between the Lines
- The effectiveness of the intervention remains unclear due to lack of significant findings in some glucose measures.
- The study's sample size and demographic may limit generalizability.
- No long-term effects were assessed beyond the intervention period.
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Connected Evidence
Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ and Insulin Resistance, Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ and Insulin Resistance.
Related evidence relationships
Explore in Evidence ArchiveThis study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Included in these evidence collections
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ Evidence Hub
All studies on Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+
1 studies
intervention_hubContributes to Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ evidence base.
Insulin Resistance Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Insulin Resistance
1 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Insulin Resistance as a key outcome.
Recent Diabetes Research
Latest published studies
recency_collection
Published within the last 2 years.
Explore more in the evidence archive
Jump to pre-filtered views in the evidence archive.
All studies on Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ and Fasting insulin levels
Intervention: Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+Outcome: Fasting insulin levels
1 results
All studies on Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ and Insulin resistance
Intervention: Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+Outcome: Insulin resistance
1 results
All studies on Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+
Intervention: Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+
1 results
All studies measuring Fasting insulin levels
Outcome: Fasting insulin levels
1 results
All studies measuring Insulin resistance
Outcome: Insulin resistance
1 results
Questions answered by this study
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Does Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ improve fasting insulin levels?
Emerging Evidence
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ appears to improve Fasting insulin levels.
ConsensusScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Fasting insulin levels
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 51.7 | strong positive | ConsensusScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ improve insulin resistance?
Emerging Evidence
Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ appears to improve Insulin resistance.
ConsensusScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Insulin resistance
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 51.7 | strong positive | ConsensusScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ improve c-peptide incremental area under the curve (iauc)?
Limited Evidence
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ for C-peptide incremental area under the curve (iAUC).
ConsensusScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
C-peptide incremental area under the curve (iAUC)
EvidenceScore™ Limited | EvidenceScore™ 34.2 | neutral | ConsensusScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ improve fasting plasma glucose (fpg)?
Limited Evidence
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ for Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG).
ConsensusScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
EvidenceScore™ Limited | EvidenceScore™ 34.2 | neutral | ConsensusScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Next steps
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All studies on Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ and Fasting insulin levelsAll studies on Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ and Insulin resistanceAll studies on Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ and C-peptide incremental area under the curve (iAUC)All studies on Deep seawater mineral extracts containing Mg 2+ and Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
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