Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerResearch Summary
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™
Mediterranean diet improves endothelial function in diabetes
Last updated August 22, 2026
Key finding
The Mediterranean diet increased plasma antioxidant capacity.
A Mediterranean diet enriched with olive oil improved endothelial function and reduced inflammatory markers in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Quick read
Study at a glance
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Short-Term (≤3 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
What this paper says
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
A Mediterranean diet enriched with olive oil improved endothelial function and reduced inflammatory markers in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Clinical relevance
Improving endothelial function and reducing inflammation are crucial for managing type 2 diabetes, as they can lower the risk of cardiovascular diseases. This study suggests that dietary interventions, particularly the Mediterranean diet, can be an effective strategy for enhancing health outcomes in diabetic patients.
Keep in mind
The study's sample size and demographic diversity may limit generalizability. Effect sizes for some outcomes were not statistically significant. Long-term effects of the diet were not assessed.
Published in
Journal Reference
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Antonio C, Katherine E, Lucia LS, et al. Mediterranean diet using olive oil improves endothelial function in type 2 diabetes. Cardiovascular Diabetology. 2014;13:140. doi:10.1186/s12933-014-0140-9
Main Effects
The Mediterranean diet increased plasma antioxidant capacity by 907.1 µmol/l.
Endothelial function improved by 2.3% with the Mediterranean diet.
Nitrotyrosine levels decreased by 0.29 µmol/l following the Mediterranean diet.
IL-6 levels were reduced by 60.15 pg/ml with the Mediterranean diet.
Evidence network
How this study fits
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
Evidence Context
This study contributes evidence to Low-fat diet, Mediterranean diet and Endothelial function, Plasma antioxidant capacity (FRAP), Increased GLP-1-induced insulin secretion after Mediterranean diet, and 4 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Low-fat diet
Primary outcomes
- Endothelial function
- Plasma antioxidant capacity (FRAP)
- Increased GLP-1-induced insulin secretion after Mediterranean diet
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Evidence relationships
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
9
Evidence pairs
9
Relationships
1
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence
Editorial context
Why this study matters
See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.
Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 59
1
Related topics
9
Evidence pairs
86
Related studies
High relevance in at least one topic
Why it is useful
- Contributes to 9 evidence relationships
- Includes primary outcome data
- Linked to 1 direct semantic evidence topic
Topic contributions
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Add related evidence to your Evidence Tracker
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Primary evidence
Evidence relationship
Low-fat Diets and Endothelial Function
Related evidence
Evidence topic
Inflammatory and Vascular Markers
Save evidence
Intervention
Low-fat Diets
Save evidence
Core evidence
Study findings
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Plasma antioxidant capacity (FRAP)
Low-fat diet → Plasma antioxidant capacity (FRAP)
Low-fat diet → Plasma antioxidant capacity (FRAP)
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEndothelial function
Mediterranean diet → Endothelial function
Mediterranean diet → Endothelial function
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerIncreased GLP-1-induced insulin secretion after Mediterranean diet
Mediterranean diet → Increased GLP-1-induced insulin secretion after Mediterranean diet
Mediterranean diet → Increased GLP-1-induced insulin secretion after Mediterranean diet
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerIntercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1)
Mediterranean diet → Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1)
Mediterranean diet → Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1)
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerInterleukin-6 (IL-6)
Mediterranean diet → Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
Mediterranean diet → Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerNitrotyrosine levels
Mediterranean diet → Nitrotyrosine levels
Mediterranean diet → Nitrotyrosine levels
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerPlasma antioxidant capacity (FRAP)
Mediterranean diet → Plasma antioxidant capacity (FRAP)
Mediterranean diet → Plasma antioxidant capacity (FRAP)
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerReduced 8-iso-PGF2a levels
Mediterranean diet → Reduced 8-iso-PGF2a levels
Mediterranean diet → Reduced 8-iso-PGF2a levels
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Library
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Evidence Suggest
- Mediterranean diet improved endothelial function by 2.3%.
- IL-6 levels decreased by 60.15 pg/ml with the Mediterranean diet.
- Plasma antioxidant capacity increased by 907.1 µmol/l.
Who this applies to
- Adults aged 30-65 with type 2 diabetes.
- Individuals seeking dietary interventions to improve cardiovascular health.
Keep in Mind
- Results may not apply to populations outside the study's demographics.
- The control diet did not show significant changes, indicating a need for further research.
- The study did not evaluate long-term adherence to the diets.
Between the Lines
- The study's sample size and demographic diversity may limit generalizability.
- Effect sizes for some outcomes were not statistically significant.
- Long-term effects of the diet were not assessed.
Evidence Library
Build your evidence library
Save research, organize studies, and quickly find important evidence again.
Connected Evidence
Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Low-fat Diets and Endothelial Function, Low-fat Diets and Plasma antioxidant capacity (FRAP).
Related evidence relationships
Explore in Evidence ExplorerThis study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Diet and Nutrition
Low-fat Diets → Endothelial Function
Diet and Nutrition
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
View evidenceDiet and Nutrition
Low-fat Diets → Plasma antioxidant capacity (FRAP)
Diet and Nutrition
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
View evidenceIncluded in these evidence collections
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
Endothelial Function Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Endothelial Function
1 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Endothelial Function as a key outcome.
Low-fat Diets Evidence Hub
All studies on Low-fat Diets
1 studies
intervention_hubContributes to Low-fat Diets evidence base.
Plasma antioxidant capacity (FRAP) Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Plasma antioxidant capacity (FRAP)
1 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Plasma antioxidant capacity (FRAP) as a key outcome.
Explore more in Evidence Explorer
Jump to pre-filtered views in Evidence Explorer.
All studies on Low-fat diet and Endothelial function
Intervention: Low-fat dietOutcome: Endothelial function
1 results
All studies on Low-fat diet and Plasma antioxidant capacity (FRAP)
Intervention: Low-fat dietOutcome: Plasma antioxidant capacity (FRAP)
1 results
All studies on Low-fat diet
Intervention: Low-fat diet
1 results
All studies measuring Endothelial function
Outcome: Endothelial function
1 results
All studies measuring Plasma antioxidant capacity (FRAP)
Outcome: Plasma antioxidant capacity (FRAP)
1 results
Questions answered by this study
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Do Low-fat Diets improve endothelial function?
Emerging Evidence
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Low-fat Diets for endothelial function.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Endothelial function
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
Does Mediterranean diet improve endothelial function?
Emerging Evidence
Mediterranean diet appears to improve endothelial function.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Endothelial function
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
Does Mediterranean diet improve increased glp-1-induced insulin secretion after mediterranean diet?
Emerging Evidence
Mediterranean diet appears to improve increased glp-1-induced insulin secretion after mediterranean diet.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Increased GLP-1-induced insulin secretion after Mediterranean diet
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
Does Mediterranean diet improve intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)?
Emerging Evidence
Mediterranean diet appears to improve intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1).
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1)
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
Next steps
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Evidence topics
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All studies on Mediterranean diet and Endothelial functionAll studies on Mediterranean diet and Increased GLP-1-induced insulin secretion after Mediterranean dietAll studies on Mediterranean diet and Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1)All studies on Mediterranean diet and Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
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