Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Strong
- Score 79 · Based on 3 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 83
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 100
- consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 3 studies
Add to Evidence TrackerResearch Summary
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™
Mediterranean Diet Reduces Daytime Sleepiness in Type 2 Diabetes
Last updated July 11, 2026
Key finding
Daytime sleepiness significantly lower in the intervention group, with a modest difference of 42.56% (p < 0.001).
This study evaluated the impact of a Mediterranean diet on daytime sleepiness in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes in Oman, finding significant improvements in the intervention group.
Quick read
Study at a glance
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
What this paper says
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study evaluated the impact of a Mediterranean diet on daytime sleepiness in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes in Oman, finding significant improvements in the intervention group.
Clinical relevance
Reducing daytime sleepiness can improve quality of life and daily functioning for individuals with Type 2 Diabetes. The findings suggest that dietary interventions, such as the Mediterranean diet, may be beneficial in managing symptoms associated with diabetes, potentially leading to better overall health outcomes.
Keep in mind
The study's sample size may limit the generalizability of the findings. The duration of the intervention was relatively short. Potential confounding factors were not fully controlled.
Published in
Journal Reference
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Najwa SA, Yoke MC, Yit SC, et al. Effectiveness of a Mediterranean Diet Intervention on Daytime Sleepiness Among Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Oman. Sleep Science. 2024;17(1):e45-e54. doi:10.1055/s-0043-1773786
Main Effects
Daytime sleepiness decreased significantly in the intervention group, with a reduction of 42.56% (p=0.001).
No significant change in HbA1c levels was observed between groups.
Body weight decreased by 4 kg in the intervention group compared to the control group (p=0.001).
Evidence network
How this study fits
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
Evidence Context
This study contributes evidence to Mediterranean diet and Body weight, HbA1c, Reduction in Daytime Sleepiness Measured by Epworth Sleepiness Scale.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Mediterranean diet
Primary outcomes
- Body weight
- HbA1c
- Reduction in Daytime Sleepiness Measured by Epworth Sleepiness Scale
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Evidence relationships
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
3
Evidence pairs
3
Relationships
3
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence
Editorial context
Why this study matters
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 68
3
Related topics
3
Evidence pairs
1497
Related studies
High relevance in at least one topic
Why it is useful
- Contributes to 3 evidence relationships
- Includes primary outcome data
- Linked to 3 direct semantic evidence topics
Topic contributions
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
Dietary Patterns
matched_intervention_and_outcome
Related evidence
Evidence topic
HbA1c Reduction
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Core evidence
Study findings
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 85
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 71
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 57
- generally_consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 7 studies
Add to Evidence TrackerReduction in Daytime Sleepiness Measured by Epworth Sleepiness Scale
Mediterranean diet → Reduction in Daytime Sleepiness Measured by Epworth Sleepiness Scale
Mediterranean diet → Reduction in Daytime Sleepiness Measured by Epworth Sleepiness Scale
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Moderate
- Score 69 · Based on 2 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 75
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 35
- mixed
Supporting studies: Based on 2 studies
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Library
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Evidence Suggest
- Daytime sleepiness reduced by 42.56% in the intervention group.
- No change in HbA1c levels was noted.
- Body weight decreased by 4 kg in those following the Mediterranean diet.
Who this applies to
- Adults diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
- Individuals experiencing daytime sleepiness.
Keep in Mind
- Results may not be applicable to populations outside Oman.
- The study did not measure long-term effects beyond 6 months.
- Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms behind the observed effects.
Between the Lines
- The study's sample size may limit the generalizability of the findings.
- The duration of the intervention was relatively short.
- Potential confounding factors were not fully controlled.
Evidence Library
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Connected Evidence
Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Mediterranean diet and HbA1c, Mediterranean diet and Body Weight.
Related evidence relationships
Explore in Evidence ExplorerThis study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Diet and Nutrition
Mediterranean diet → HbA1c
Diet and Nutrition
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 85
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 71
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 57
- generally_consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 7 studies
View evidenceDiet and Nutrition
Mediterranean diet → Body Weight
Diet and Nutrition
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Strong
- Score 79 · Based on 3 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 83
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 100
- consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 3 studies
View evidenceIncluded in these evidence collections
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
HbA1c Evidence Hub
All studies measuring HbA1c
7 studies
outcome_hubMeasures HbA1c as a key outcome.
Mediterranean diet Evidence Hub
All studies on Mediterranean diet
7 studies
intervention_hubContributes to Mediterranean diet evidence base.
Body Weight Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Body Weight
3 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Body Weight as a key outcome.
Recent Diabetes Research
Latest published studies
recency_collection
Published within the last 2 years.
Explore more in Evidence Explorer
Jump to pre-filtered views in Evidence Explorer.
All studies on Mediterranean diet and HbA1c
Intervention: Mediterranean dietOutcome: HbA1c
7 results
All studies on Mediterranean diet and Body weight
Intervention: Mediterranean dietOutcome: Body weight
3 results
All studies on Mediterranean diet
Intervention: Mediterranean diet
7 results
All studies measuring HbA1c
Outcome: HbA1c
7 results
All studies measuring Body weight
Outcome: Body weight
3 results
Questions answered by this study
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Does Mediterranean diet lower HbA1c?
Strong Evidence
Mediterranean diet may lower HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 84.9 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
Does Mediterranean diet affect body weight?
Strong Evidence
Mediterranean diet may affect body weight.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Body weight
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 79.0 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
What evidence is available on Mediterranean diet and reduction in daytime sleepiness measured by epworth sleepiness scale?
Moderate Evidence
Mediterranean diet may reduce reduction in daytime sleepiness measured by epworth sleepiness scale.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.
Evidence caveat: The available evidence reports mixed findings.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Reduction in Daytime Sleepiness Measured by Epworth Sleepiness Scale
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Mixed | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
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