Last updated September 9, 2026
Key finding
The overall DDS score of GDM in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05).
This study evaluated the self-transcendence nursing model's effectiveness in managing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients compared to routine nursing care.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Short-Term (≤3 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study evaluated the self-transcendence nursing model's effectiveness in managing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients compared to routine nursing care.
These findings suggest that incorporating the self-transcendence nursing model into care for GDM patients can lead to better psychological outcomes and potentially reduce healthcare costs through fewer hospital admissions and shorter stays.
The study did not assess long-term effects beyond the immediate intervention period. Sample size and demographic diversity may limit generalizability. No differences were found in insulin utilization rates or delivery outcomes.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Mengpei X, Ying W, Yaqing Z, Zhongmei L, Wei C, Jingjing F. Application effect of self-transcendence nursing model in GDM patients. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2025;25:70. doi:10.1186/s12884-025-07195-x
The self-transcendence nursing model reduced the Diabetes Distress Scale score by 7.6 points (P < 0.001).
C-DMSES scores increased by 45.5 points in the intervention group (P < 0.001).
Hospital admissions were reduced by 0.44 admissions in the intervention group (P < 0.001).
Evidence network
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This study contributes evidence to Self-transcendence nursing model and Diabetes Distress Scale score, Diabetes self-management behaviors, Gestational age at delivery (weeks), and 5 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Self-transcendence nursing model
Primary outcomes
Primary intervention
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
3
Related topics
8
Evidence pairs
202
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Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
matched_outcome
Related evidence
Evidence topic
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Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Self-transcendence nursing model → Diabetes Distress Scale score
Self-transcendence nursing model → Diabetes Distress Scale score
Self-transcendence nursing model → Diabetes self-management behaviors
Self-transcendence nursing model → Diabetes self-management behaviors
Self-transcendence nursing model → Gestational age at delivery (weeks)
Self-transcendence nursing model → Gestational age at delivery (weeks)
Self-transcendence nursing model → Hospitalization rate
Self-transcendence nursing model → Hospitalization rate
Self-transcendence nursing model → Insulin utilization rate
Self-transcendence nursing model → Insulin utilization rate
Self-transcendence nursing model → Length of hospital stay
Self-transcendence nursing model → Length of hospital stay
Self-transcendence nursing model → Mode of delivery outcomes
Self-transcendence nursing model → Mode of delivery outcomes
Self-transcendence nursing model → Neonatal complications
Self-transcendence nursing model → Neonatal complications
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Self-transcendence nursing model and Diabetes Distress Measures, Self-transcendence nursing model and Gestational age at delivery (weeks).
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Behavioral & Lifestyle
Behavioral & Lifestyle
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring Diabetes Distress Measures
Measures Diabetes Distress Measures as a key outcome.
All studies measuring Gestational age at delivery (weeks)
Measures Gestational age at delivery (weeks) as a key outcome.
All studies on Self-transcendence nursing model
Contributes to Self-transcendence nursing model evidence base.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
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1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Self-transcendence nursing model appears to improve diabetes distress scale score.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Diabetes Distress Scale score
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Self-transcendence nursing model appears to improve diabetes self-management behaviors.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Diabetes self-management behaviors
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Self-transcendence nursing model appears to improve hospitalization rate.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Hospitalization rate
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Self-transcendence nursing model appears to improve length of hospital stay.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Length of hospital stay
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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