StrongDecrease
Abdominal Pain
Sodium Butyrate → Abdominal Pain
Sodium Butyrate → Abdominal Pain
Evidence profile
StrongDecreasePatient-Reported
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Research Summary
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™
Sodium butyrate improves gastrointestinal symptoms in type 2 diabetes
Key finding
Sodium butyrate group showed a significant reduction in abdominal pain (p = 0.001).
This study investigated the effects of sodium butyrate supplementation on gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with type 2 diabetes and IBS, finding significant improvements in various symptoms.
Evidence strength
Moderate confidence
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Some Concerns bias
Last updated July 5, 2026Quick read
Study at a glance
The essential study design details in one scan.
Population
Young Adult (19–39), Middle Aged (40-64), Male, Female, Asia-Pacific (APAC), with T2 Diabetes
Intervention
Sodium Butyrate, Placebo
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Primary outcome
Abdominal Pain
Comparator
Placebo Group
Plain-language summary
What this paper says
A plain-language read of the study's main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study investigated the effects of sodium butyrate supplementation on gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with type 2 diabetes and IBS, finding significant improvements in various symptoms.
Clinical relevance
The findings highlight the potential of sodium butyrate as a therapeutic option for patients with type 2 diabetes and IBS, conditions that often coexist and complicate management. By alleviating gastrointestinal symptoms and improving metabolic markers, sodium butyrate could enhance quality of life and treatment outcomes for these patients.
Keep in mind
Limited sample size may affect generalizability. Short duration of the study may not capture long-term effects. No significant differences were observed in the placebo group.
Published in
Journal Reference
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Paulina P, Martyna W, Paulina S, et al. Sodium butyrate supplementation alleviates gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with type 2 diabetes and IBS. Scientific Reports. 2026;16:17404. doi:10.1038/s41598-026-47309-9
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Main Effects
Sodium butyrate group showed a significant reduction in abdominal pain (p = 0.001).
Sodium butyrate group experienced a decrease in body weight by an average of 2.12 kg (p < 0.001).
Sodium butyrate group had a significant reduction in bloating (p < 0.001).
Evidence network
How this study fits
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
Evidence Context
This study contributes evidence to Sodium Butyrate and Abdominal Pain, Bloating, Body weight, and 4 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Sodium Butyrate
Primary outcomes
- Abdominal Pain
- Bloating
- Body weight
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Evidence relationships
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
7
Evidence pairs
7
Relationships
2
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence
Editorial context
Why this study matters
See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.
Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 68
2
Related topics
7
Evidence pairs
249
Related studies
High relevance in at least one topic
Why it is useful
- Contributes to 7 evidence relationships
- Includes primary outcome data
- Linked to 2 direct semantic evidence topics
Topic contributions
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Core evidence
Study findings
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
StrongDecrease
Bloating
Sodium Butyrate → Bloating
Sodium Butyrate → Bloating
Evidence profile
StrongDecreaseClinical Outcomes
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StrongDecrease
Body weight
Sodium Butyrate → Body weight
Sodium Butyrate → Body weight
Evidence profile
StrongDecreaseWeight & Anthropometrics
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StrongDecrease
Gastrointestinal disorders incidence
Sodium Butyrate → Gastrointestinal disorders incidence
Sodium Butyrate → Gastrointestinal disorders incidence
Evidence profile
StrongDecreaseSafety
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StrongDecrease
HbA1c
Sodium Butyrate → HbA1c
Sodium Butyrate → HbA1c
Evidence profile
StrongDecreaseGlycemic Control
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StrongDecrease
HOMA-IR Index
Sodium Butyrate → HOMA-IR Index
Sodium Butyrate → HOMA-IR Index
Evidence profile
StrongDecreaseClinical Outcomes
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StrongDecrease
Lactulose Hydrogen Breath Test Results
Sodium Butyrate → Lactulose Hydrogen Breath Test Results
Sodium Butyrate → Lactulose Hydrogen Breath Test Results
Evidence profile
StrongDecreaseClinical Outcomes
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Evidence Suggest
- Sodium butyrate reduced abdominal pain significantly (p = 0.001).
- Participants lost an average of 2.12 kg with sodium butyrate (p < 0.001).
- HbA1c levels decreased by 0.30% in the sodium butyrate group (p = 0.002).
Who this applies to
- Adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.
- Patients experiencing gastrointestinal symptoms related to IBS.
Keep in Mind
- Results may not apply to populations outside the study's demographic.
- Further research is needed to confirm long-term effects of sodium butyrate.
- The study did not explore potential side effects of sodium butyrate supplementation.
Between the Lines
- Limited sample size may affect generalizability.
- Short duration of the study may not capture long-term effects.
- No significant differences were observed in the placebo group.
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Connected Evidence
Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Sodium Butyrate and Abdominal Pain, Sodium Butyrate and Bloating.
Related evidence relationships
Explore in Evidence ArchiveThis study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Included in these evidence collections
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
Abdominal Pain Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Abdominal Pain
1 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Abdominal Pain as a key outcome.
Bloating Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Bloating
1 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Bloating as a key outcome.
Body Weight Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Body Weight
1 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Body Weight as a key outcome.
Sodium Butyrate Evidence Hub
All studies on Sodium Butyrate
1 studies
intervention_hubContributes to Sodium Butyrate evidence base.
Recent Diabetes Research
Latest published studies
recency_collection
Published within the last 2 years.
Explore more in the evidence archive
Jump to pre-filtered views in the evidence archive.
All studies on Sodium Butyrate and Abdominal Pain
Intervention: Sodium ButyrateOutcome: Abdominal Pain
1 results
All studies on Sodium Butyrate and Bloating
Intervention: Sodium ButyrateOutcome: Bloating
1 results
All studies on Sodium Butyrate
Intervention: Sodium Butyrate
1 results
All studies measuring Abdominal Pain
Outcome: Abdominal Pain
1 results
All studies measuring Bloating
Outcome: Bloating
1 results
Questions answered by this study
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Does Sodium Butyrate improve abdominal pain?
Emerging Evidence
Sodium Butyrate appears to improve Abdominal Pain.
ConsensusScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Abdominal Pain
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 54.5 | strong positive | ConsensusScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Sodium Butyrate improve bloating?
Emerging Evidence
Sodium Butyrate appears to improve Bloating.
ConsensusScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Bloating
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 54.5 | strong positive | ConsensusScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Sodium Butyrate affect body weight?
Emerging Evidence
Sodium Butyrate appears to improve Body weight.
ConsensusScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Body weight
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 54.5 | strong positive | ConsensusScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Sodium Butyrate improve gastrointestinal disorders incidence?
Emerging Evidence
Sodium Butyrate appears to improve Gastrointestinal disorders incidence.
ConsensusScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Gastrointestinal disorders incidence
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 54.5 | strong positive | ConsensusScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Next steps
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