Last updated September 4, 2026
Key finding
Participants receiving Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 demonstrated a rapid and pronounced increase from baseline already at 24 h (+105%).
This study evaluated the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 in adults with Type 2 diabetes on Metformin, finding significant improvements in vitamin B12 levels.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Short-Term (≤3 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study evaluated the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 in adults with Type 2 diabetes on Metformin, finding significant improvements in vitamin B12 levels.
Vitamin B12 deficiency is common in individuals with Type 2 diabetes, especially those on Metformin. This study highlights the potential of Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 as an effective supplement to improve vitamin B12 status, which may enhance overall health and metabolic control in this population. Addressing vitamin B12 deficiency can help prevent neurological complications and improve quality of life for patients.
The study's sample size and demographic diversity were not specified. The duration of the study was limited to three weeks, which may not capture long-term effects. Effectiveness measures were described as unclear for some outcomes.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Gabriele C, Allah WK, Ikram U, et al. Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Receiving Metformin. Pharmaceutics. 2026;18(2):237. doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics18020237
Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 supplementation resulted in a 105% increase in circulating vitamin B12 levels (p=0.0001).
A 117% increase in the proportion of participants achieving normalization of serum vitamin B12 levels was observed (p=0.0001).
The placebo group showed modest and delayed increases in serum vitamin B12 concentrations with no significant normalization.
The intervention demonstrated no clinically relevant adverse events, indicating good tolerability.
Evidence network
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This study contributes evidence to Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 and Circulatory vitamin B12, Gastrointestinal disorders incidence, Normalization of serum vitamin B12, and 2 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Sucrosomial Vitamin B12
Primary outcomes
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
1
Related topics
5
Evidence pairs
110
Related studies
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
matched_outcome
Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 → Circulatory vitamin B12
Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 → Circulatory vitamin B12
Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 → Gastrointestinal disorders incidence
Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 → Gastrointestinal disorders incidence
Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 → Normalization of serum vitamin B12
Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 → Normalization of serum vitamin B12
Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 → Overall tolerability
Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 → Overall tolerability
Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 → Treatment adherence
Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 → Treatment adherence
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 and Circulatory vitamin B12, Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 and Gastrointestinal Adverse Events.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring Circulatory vitamin B12
Measures Circulatory vitamin B12 as a key outcome.
All studies measuring Gastrointestinal Adverse Events
Measures Gastrointestinal Adverse Events as a key outcome.
All studies on Sucrosomial Vitamin B12
Contributes to Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 evidence base.
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Published within the last 2 years.
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1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 appears to improve circulatory vitamin b12.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Circulatory vitamin B12
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 appears to improve normalization of serum vitamin b12.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Normalization of serum vitamin B12
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 appears to improve overall tolerability.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Overall tolerability
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Sucrosomial Vitamin B12 appears to improve treatment adherence.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Treatment adherence
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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