Last updated August 16, 2026
Key finding
FBG decreased significantly from baseline (150.52 ± 17.05 vs 156.82 ± 19.13; P = 0.008)
The study investigated the impact of synbiotic supplementation combined with non-surgical periodontal therapy on glycemic control and inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes and periodontal disease, finding significant reductions in various health markers.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Extended (5–20+ y)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
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Study focus
The study investigated the impact of synbiotic supplementation combined with non-surgical periodontal therapy on glycemic control and inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes and periodontal disease, finding significant reductions in various health markers.
These findings highlight the potential of synbiotic supplementation as a complementary approach to traditional diabetes management, particularly for patients also dealing with periodontal disease. Improved glycemic control and reduced inflammation can lead to better overall health outcomes and may lower the risk of diabetes-related complications.
Sample size may limit generalizability. Study focused on a specific population with both diabetes and periodontal disease. Effectiveness of synbiotic alone was not isolated from periodontal therapy.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Mohsen Y, Ahmad ZJ, Hadi B, et al. Effect of Synbiotic Supplementation on Glycemic Control and Inflammation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Periodontal Disease. Journal of Education and Health Promotion. 2024;13:430. doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_1382_23
Fasting Plasma Glucose decreased by 6.3 mg/dl (P = 0.008)
HbA1c decreased by 0.26% (P = 0.004)
TNF-α decreased by 1.66 pg/mL (P = 0.03)
IL-6 decreased by 0.34 pg/mL (P = 0.01)
Evidence network
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
This study contributes evidence to Multi-species synbiotic (12 probiotic strains + FOS prebiotic) and Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), HbA1c, Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and 2 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Multi-species synbiotic (12 probiotic strains + FOS prebiotic)
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
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Primary evidence
Evidence relationship
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Evidence relationship
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Evidence relationship
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Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Multi-species synbiotic (12 probiotic strains + FOS prebiotic) → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Multi-species synbiotic (12 probiotic strains + FOS prebiotic) → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Multi-species synbiotic (12 probiotic strains + FOS prebiotic) → HbA1c
Multi-species synbiotic (12 probiotic strains + FOS prebiotic) → HbA1c
Multi-species synbiotic (12 probiotic strains + FOS prebiotic) → Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
Multi-species synbiotic (12 probiotic strains + FOS prebiotic) → Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
Multi-species synbiotic (12 probiotic strains + FOS prebiotic) → LDL cholesterol
Multi-species synbiotic (12 probiotic strains + FOS prebiotic) → LDL cholesterol
Multi-species synbiotic (12 probiotic strains + FOS prebiotic) → Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α)
Multi-species synbiotic (12 probiotic strains + FOS prebiotic) → Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α)
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Probiotics and Synbiotics and Fasting Glucose, Probiotics and Synbiotics and HbA1c.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Supplements
Supplements
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring Fasting Glucose
Measures Fasting Glucose as a key outcome.
All studies on Probiotics and Synbiotics
Contributes to Probiotics and Synbiotics evidence base.
All studies measuring HbA1c
Measures HbA1c as a key outcome.
All studies measuring Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers
Measures Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers as a key outcome.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
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4 results
3 results
4 results
4 results
3 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Probiotics and Synbiotics appears to improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 79.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 11 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
Probiotics and Synbiotics may improve Fasting Glucose.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 79.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 12 supporting studies with generally consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
Probiotics and Synbiotics may improve Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
LDL cholesterol
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 10 supporting studies with generally consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
Probiotics and Synbiotics appears to improve Inflammatory Markers.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α)
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 4 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
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