Last updated September 10, 2026
Key finding
There was a significant increase in vitamin C status in the micronutrient group relative to the placebo group (Δ26 [95%CI 16, 36] μmol/L; p < 0.0001).
This study investigated the impact of vitamin C supplementation on inflammation in adults with metabolic syndrome, finding significant improvements in vitamin C status and metabolic markers.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
Save research, organize studies, and quickly find important evidence again.
Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study investigated the impact of vitamin C supplementation on inflammation in adults with metabolic syndrome, finding significant improvements in vitamin C status and metabolic markers.
These findings suggest that vitamin C supplementation may offer metabolic benefits for individuals with metabolic syndrome, a condition that increases the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Improving metabolic markers could help in managing the syndrome and reducing associated health risks, although the lack of significant changes in inflammation indicates that vitamin C may not address all aspects of metabolic syndrome.
No significant changes in inflammatory markers were observed. The study's findings may not be generalizable to all populations. Sample size and duration may limit the robustness of the results.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Emma V, Masuma Z, Rebekah W, Jonathan W, Anitra CC, Adrianne B. The Effect of Vitamin C Supplementation on Inflammation in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. Antioxidants. 2024;13(4):404. doi:10.3390/antiox13040404
Significant increase in vitamin C status (Δ26 μmol/L, p < 0.0001)
Improved fasting plasma glucose (Δ−0.3 mmol/L, p = 0.02)
Reduced HbA1c levels (Δ−2.1 mmol/L, p = 0.007)
Improved insulin sensitivity (Δ12%, p = 0.049)
Evidence network
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
This study contributes evidence to Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C and C-reactive protein, F2 isoprostanes, Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), and 6 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C
Primary outcomes
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.
Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
4
Related topics
9
Evidence pairs
1433
Related studies
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Save studies and evidence pages, organize your personal Evidence Tracker, and keep the research you care about in one place.
Primary evidence
Evidence topic
matched_outcome
Related evidence
Evidence topic
Save evidence
Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C → C-reactive protein
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C → C-reactive protein
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C → F2 isoprostanes
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C → F2 isoprostanes
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C → HbA1c
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C → HbA1c
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C → Insulin sensitivity
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C → Insulin sensitivity
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C → Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C → Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C → metabolic syndrome severity z score
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C → metabolic syndrome severity z score
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C → Plasma vitamin C levels
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C → Plasma vitamin C levels
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C → Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α)
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C → Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α)
Evidence Library
Save research, organize studies, and quickly find important evidence again.
Evidence Library
Save research, organize studies, and quickly find important evidence again.
Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C and Inflammatory Markers, Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C and F2 isoprostanes.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring F2 isoprostanes
Measures F2 isoprostanes as a key outcome.
All studies measuring Inflammatory Markers
Measures Inflammatory Markers as a key outcome.
All studies on Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C
Contributes to Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C evidence base.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
Jump to pre-filtered views in Evidence Explorer.
1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C appears to improve fasting plasma glucose (FPG).
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C appears to lower HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C appears to improve insulin sensitivity.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Insulin sensitivity
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Micronutrient formula containing 1000 mg/d vitamin C appears to improve plasma vitamin c levels.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Plasma vitamin C levels
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Next steps
Choose a next path through related evidence topics, Evidence Explorer views, and research summaries.
Follow the topics this study contributes to.
Open broader Evidence Explorer views for this relationship.
Read related research summaries.
Focused on evidence, not advertising.
Your data is always protected.
New studies added every day.
