Adherence & Engagement

Evidence Snapshot

Evidence relationships

Studies reviewed

Interventions evaluated

Strongest evidence area

Rama App

Top Evidence Areas

Rank	Intervention	Outcome	Effectiveness	Strength	Consistency	Studies
#1	Behavioral counseling	Treatment adherence	Weak Positive	Weak	Mixed	2
#2	Mobile app for gestational diabetes self Management	App usability rating (MAUQ)	Moderate Positive	Weak	Unclear	1
#3	Mobile app for gestational diabetes self Management	User experience SUS score	Moderate Positive	Weak	Unclear	1
#4	Multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission	Diabetes medication use	Moderate Positive	Limited	Unclear	1
#5	Rama App	Self Management behaviors	Moderate Positive	Limited	Unclear	1
#6	Remote Educational Program	Self Management behaviors	Moderate Positive	Limited	Unclear	1
#7	Remote Educational Program	Treatment adherence	Moderate Positive	Limited	Unclear	1
#8	Remote nutrition education on low Carbohydrate diet	Diabetes medication use	Moderate Positive	Limited	Unclear	1
#9	SMS text messaging behavioral intervention	Physical activity level	Moderate Positive	Limited	Consistent	1
#10	T1D education	Hypoglycemia sign recognition	Moderate Positive	Limited	Unclear	1

Rank #1

Treatment adherence

Behavioral counseling

Effectiveness

Weak Positive

Strength

Weak

Consistency

Mixed

Studies

Rank #2

App usability rating (MAUQ)

Mobile app for gestational diabetes self Management

Effectiveness

Moderate Positive

Strength

Weak

Consistency

Unclear

Studies

Rank #3

User experience SUS score

Mobile app for gestational diabetes self Management

Effectiveness

Moderate Positive

Strength

Weak

Consistency

Unclear

Studies

Rank #4

Diabetes medication use

Multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission

Effectiveness

Moderate Positive

Strength

Limited

Consistency

Unclear

Studies

Rank #5

Self Management behaviors

Rama App

Effectiveness

Moderate Positive

Strength

Limited

Consistency

Unclear

Studies

Rank #6

Self Management behaviors

Remote Educational Program

Effectiveness

Moderate Positive

Strength

Limited

Consistency

Unclear

Studies

Rank #7

Treatment adherence

Remote Educational Program

Effectiveness

Moderate Positive

Strength

Limited

Consistency

Unclear

Studies

Rank #8

Diabetes medication use

Remote nutrition education on low Carbohydrate diet

Effectiveness

Moderate Positive

Strength

Limited

Consistency

Unclear

Studies

Rank #9

Physical activity level

SMS text messaging behavioral intervention

Effectiveness

Moderate Positive

Strength

Limited

Consistency

Consistent

Studies

Rank #10

Hypoglycemia sign recognition

T1D education

Effectiveness

Moderate Positive

Strength

Limited

Consistency

Unclear

Studies

Practical Questions

Which interventions are most often studied for Adherence & Engagement?

most studied

Based on 6 evidence relationships across 6 studies

Outcomes:

App usability rating (MAUQ)User experience SUS scoreSelf Management behaviorsTreatment adherenceHypoglycemia sign recognition+1 more

Interventions:

Mobile app for gestational diabetes self ManagementRemote Educational ProgramT1D education

Which interventions need more research for Adherence & Engagement?

research gaps

Based on 3 evidence relationships across 4 studies

Outcomes:

Treatment adherenceApp usability rating (MAUQ)User experience SUS score

Interventions:

Behavioral counselingMobile app for gestational diabetes self Management

How does Rama App compare with Remote Educational Program for Adherence & Engagement?

compare

Based on 2 evidence relationships across 2 studies

Outcomes:

Self Management behaviors

Interventions:

Rama AppRemote Educational Program

Evidence Landscape

Evidence landscape

Each bubble represents an evidence relationship. Position shows effectiveness and strength; size reflects study volume.

Limited evidence

Promising

Reliable

High impact

Lower Evidence Strength→Higher Evidence Strength

Lower Effectiveness→Higher Effectiveness

Explore by Intervention

Intervention	Pairs	Research	Avg Strength
Behavioral counseling	1	2	39
Remote Educational Program	2	2	45
Mobile app for gestational diabetes self Management	2	1	39
Multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission	1	1	42
Rama App	1	1	46
Remote nutrition education on low Carbohydrate diet	1	1	44
SMS text messaging behavioral intervention	1	1	46
T1D education	2	1	41
Telephone Based pharmacist behavioral intervention	1	1	37
Telephone counseling	1	1	45
WhatsApp Based diabetes self Care education program	1	1	39

Latest Research

Home telemedicine may improve HbA1c in older adults with type 2 diabetes

Study Type: randomized-controlled-trials-rctsPublished: May 30, 2026

int-remote-educational-program

out-self-management-behaviors

Elderly patient with long-standing diabetes achieved sustained insulin independence through lifestyle intervention

Study Type: non-randomized-clinical-trial-non-rctPublished: May 29, 2026

int-multidisciplinary-lifestyle-intervention-for-type-2-diabetes

out-diabetes-medication-use

Telephone pharmacist coaching did not improve HbA1c in poorly controlled diabetes

Study Type: randomized-controlled-trials-rctsPublished: May 29, 2026

int-telephone-pharmacist-behavioral-intervention

out-treatment-adherence

WhatsApp self-care education may improve HbA1c and daily self-care in women with type 2 diabetes

Study Type: non-randomized-clinical-trial-non-rctPublished: May 29, 2026

int-whatsapp-based-diabetes-self-care-education-program

out-self-management-behaviors

Remote low-carb diet education reduces HbA1c by 0.91% and cuts medication use in half for type 2 diabetes

Study Type: randomized-controlled-trials-rctsPublished: May 27, 2026

int-remote-nutrition-education-low-carb

out-diabetes-medication-use

Lifestyle changes plus probiotic use were linked with better HbA1c in one man with type 2 diabetes

Study Type: non-randomized-clinical-trial-non-rctPublished: May 26, 2026

int-behavioral-counseling

out-treatment-adherence

Tailored low-intensity GDM diet support showed similar engagement across CALD and non-CALD women

Study Type: randomized-controlled-trials-rctsPublished: May 26, 2026

int-behavioral-counseling

out-treatment-adherence

Text messaging may help increase physical activity in adults with type 2 diabetes

Study Type: non-randomized-clinical-trial-non-rctPublished: May 16, 2026

int-sms-text-messaging-behavioral-intervention

out-physical-activity-level

Nepalese women with gestational diabetes find a mobile app easy to use and satisfying for self-management

Study Type: cross-sectionalPublished: May 16, 2026

int-mobile-app-for-gestational-diabetes-self-management

out-app-usability-rating-mauqout-user-experience-sus-score

Online school staff training improved type 1 diabetes knowledge and confidence

Study Type: non-randomized-clinical-trial-non-rctPublished: May 15, 2026

int-t1d-education

out-hypoglycemia-sign-recognitionout-type-1-diabetes-knowledge-score

Full Evidence Table

Showing 14 of 14 evidence pairs

Intervention	Outcome	Effectiveness	Strength	Consistency	Studies
Behavioral counseling	Treatment adherence	Weak Positive	Weak	Mixed	2
Mobile app for gestational diabetes self Management	App usability rating (MAUQ)	Moderate Positive	Weak	Unclear	1
Mobile app for gestational diabetes self Management	User experience SUS score	Moderate Positive	Weak	Unclear	1
Multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission	Diabetes medication use	Moderate Positive	Limited	Unclear	1
Rama App	Self Management behaviors	Moderate Positive	Limited	Unclear	1
Remote Educational Program	Self Management behaviors	Moderate Positive	Limited	Unclear	1
Remote Educational Program	Treatment adherence	Moderate Positive	Limited	Unclear	1
Remote nutrition education on low Carbohydrate diet	Diabetes medication use	Moderate Positive	Limited	Unclear	1
SMS text messaging behavioral intervention	Physical activity level	Moderate Positive	Limited	Consistent	1
T1D education	Hypoglycemia sign recognition	Moderate Positive	Limited	Unclear	1
T1D education	Type 1 diabetes knowledge score	Moderate Positive	Limited	Unclear	1
Telephone counseling	Treatment adherence	Moderate Positive	Limited	Unclear	1
Telephone Based pharmacist behavioral intervention	Treatment adherence	Neutral	Weak	Unclear	1
WhatsApp Based diabetes self Care education program	Self Management behaviors	Moderate Positive	Weak	Unclear	1

Intervention → Outcome

Behavioral counseling → Treatment adherence

Effectiveness

Weak Positive

Strength

Weak

Consistency

Mixed

Studies

Intervention → Outcome

Mobile app for gestational diabetes self Management → App usability rating (MAUQ)

Effectiveness

Moderate Positive

Strength

Weak

Consistency

Unclear

Studies

Intervention → Outcome

Mobile app for gestational diabetes self Management → User experience SUS score

Effectiveness

Moderate Positive

Strength

Weak

Consistency

Unclear

Studies

Intervention → Outcome

Multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission → Diabetes medication use

Effectiveness

Moderate Positive

Strength

Limited

Consistency

Unclear

Studies

Intervention → Outcome

Rama App → Self Management behaviors

Effectiveness

Moderate Positive

Strength

Limited

Consistency

Unclear

Studies

Intervention → Outcome

Remote Educational Program → Self Management behaviors

Effectiveness

Moderate Positive

Strength

Limited

Consistency

Unclear

Studies

Intervention → Outcome

Remote Educational Program → Treatment adherence

Effectiveness

Moderate Positive

Strength

Limited

Consistency

Unclear

Studies

Intervention → Outcome

Remote nutrition education on low Carbohydrate diet → Diabetes medication use

Effectiveness

Moderate Positive

Strength

Limited

Consistency

Unclear

Studies

Intervention → Outcome

SMS text messaging behavioral intervention → Physical activity level

Effectiveness

Moderate Positive

Strength

Limited

Consistency

Consistent

Studies

Intervention → Outcome

T1D education → Hypoglycemia sign recognition

Effectiveness

Moderate Positive

Strength

Limited

Consistency

Unclear

Studies

Intervention → Outcome

T1D education → Type 1 diabetes knowledge score

Effectiveness

Moderate Positive

Strength

Limited

Consistency

Unclear

Studies

Intervention → Outcome

Telephone counseling → Treatment adherence

Effectiveness

Moderate Positive

Strength

Limited

Consistency

Unclear

Studies

Intervention → Outcome

Telephone Based pharmacist behavioral intervention → Treatment adherence

Effectiveness

Neutral

Strength

Weak

Consistency

Unclear

Studies

Intervention → Outcome

WhatsApp Based diabetes self Care education program → Self Management behaviors

Effectiveness

Moderate Positive

Strength

Weak

Consistency

Unclear

Studies