Last updated June 15, 2026
Key finding
Chest press and leg press strength increased 27% and 18%, respectively, following the 12-week RT program (both<0.05).
This study tested whether prediabetes type affects how well resistance training improves blood sugar handling. 159 older adults with prediabetes did supervised strength training twice weekly for 12 weeks. 2-hour glucose tolerance improved in those with impaired glucose tolerance, but not in those with isolated impaired fasting glucose.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
non_randomized_trial
Follow-up
Short-Term (≤3 mo)
Risk of bias
High Risk
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study tested whether prediabetes type affects how well resistance training improves blood sugar handling. 159 older adults with prediabetes did supervised strength training twice weekly for 12 weeks. 2-hour glucose tolerance improved in those with impaired glucose tolerance, but not in those with isolated impaired fasting glucose.
Not everyone with prediabetes responds the same way to exercise. This study suggests that measuring 2-hour glucose tolerance could help identify who will benefit most from resistance training as part of a personalized diabetes prevention strategy.
No control group (single-arm pre-post design) No HbA1c measurement, potentially missing a prediabetes phenotype Indirect measure of insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index) may not detect small changes No imaging-based measurement of visceral fat changes
↑ Muscular strength (chest press +27%, leg press +18%)
↓ Waist circumference (-1.0%) and body fat (-0.6%)
↑ Lean body mass (+1.3%)
↓ 2-hour glucose in IGT and IFG/IGT subgroups
Evidence network
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
This study contributes evidence to Resistance training and 2-hour plasma glucose, Body fat mass, Fasting blood sugar (FBS), and 5 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Resistance training
Primary outcomes
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
5
Related topics
8
Evidence pairs
870
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Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
matched_intervention_and_outcome
Related evidence
Evidence topic
Save evidence
Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Resistance training → 2-hour plasma glucose
Resistance training → 2-hour plasma glucose
Resistance training → Fasting blood sugar (FBS)
Resistance training → Fasting blood sugar (FBS)
Resistance training → Glucose iAUC (OGTT)
Resistance training → Glucose iAUC (OGTT)
Resistance training → Insulin sensitivity
Resistance training → Insulin sensitivity
Resistance training → Waist circumference
Resistance training → Waist circumference
Evidence Library
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Resistance training and Postprandial and OGTT Glucose, Resistance training and Body Composition.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Physical Activity
Physical Activity
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring Body Composition
Measures Body Composition as a key outcome.
All studies measuring Postprandial and OGTT Glucose
Measures Postprandial and OGTT Glucose as a key outcome.
All studies on Resistance training
Contributes to Resistance training evidence base.
Jump to pre-filtered views in Evidence Explorer.
3 results
3 results
3 results
3 results
3 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Resistance training for 2-hour plasma glucose.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.
Ranked evidence signals
2-hour plasma glucose
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 75.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Mixed | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.
Limitations
Resistance training may improve Lean body mass.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Lean body mass
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 73.6 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Resistance training appears to improve Muscular strength.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Muscular strength
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 68.2 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Resistance training may improve Waist circumference.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Waist circumference
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 68.2 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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