Last updated July 11, 2026
Key finding
Compared with placebo, Fos Biomedical NTPS reduced endothelial function (−1.7 ± 12.1% vs. 3.9 ± 10.0%; p = 0.0344).
This study evaluated the Fos Biomedical non-transdermal patch system's effects on cardio-metabolic health and sleep quality, finding no significant improvements in key outcomes.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study's main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study evaluated the Fos Biomedical non-transdermal patch system's effects on cardio-metabolic health and sleep quality, finding no significant improvements in key outcomes.
Understanding the effectiveness of new health technologies is crucial for clinicians and patients. This study indicates that the Fos Biomedical patch does not provide the expected benefits for managing cardio-metabolic health or improving sleep quality, which may influence treatment decisions and patient expectations.
The study may have limited generalizability due to the specific population sampled. The sample size and duration of the study may not have been sufficient to detect subtle effects. Potential confounding factors were not fully explored, which could influence outcomes.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Valentine YN, Rockiy GA, Judith AT, Beth PC, Maureen O. The impact of the Fos Biomedical non-transdermal patch system on cardio-metabolic health and sleep quality. Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications. 2025;44:101448. doi:10.1016/j.conctc.2025.101448
The Fos Biomedical patch did not improve HbA1c levels compared to placebo (0.1 ± 0.2% vs. 0.1 ± 0.2%; p = 0.5154).
Endothelial function decreased with the Fos Biomedical patch compared to placebo (−1.7 ± 12.1% vs. 3.9 ± 10.0%; p = 0.0344).
Other outcomes including insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, blood pressure, body composition, C-reactive protein, and sleep quality showed no significant changes (p > 0.05).
Evidence network
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This study contributes evidence to Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System and C-reactive protein, Change in body composition after 12 weeks of treatment, Endothelial function, and 4 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System
Primary outcomes
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
2
Related topics
7
Evidence pairs
232
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Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
matched_outcome
Related evidence
Evidence topic
Follow evidence
Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System → C-reactive protein
Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System → C-reactive protein
Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System → Change in body composition after 12 weeks of treatment
Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System → Change in body composition after 12 weeks of treatment
Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System → Endothelial function
Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System → Endothelial function
Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System → HbA1c
Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System → HbA1c
Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System → Insulin sensitivity
Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System → Insulin sensitivity
Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System → Sleep quality
Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System → Sleep quality
Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System → Systolic blood pressure
Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System → Systolic blood pressure
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System and Change in body composition after 12 weeks of treatment, Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System and Inflammatory Markers.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Devices & Technology
Devices & Technology
Devices & Technology
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring Change in body composition after 12 weeks of treatment
Measures Change in body composition after 12 weeks of treatment as a key outcome.
All studies on Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System
Contributes to Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System evidence base.
All studies measuring Inflammatory Markers
Measures Inflammatory Markers as a key outcome.
All studies measuring Quality of Life Outcomes
Measures Quality of Life Outcomes as a key outcome.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
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1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System for C-reactive protein.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
C-reactive protein
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System for Change in body composition after 12 weeks of treatment.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Change in body composition after 12 weeks of treatment
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System for HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Fos Biomedical Non-transdermal Patch System for Insulin sensitivity.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Insulin sensitivity
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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