Research Summary

Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™

Insulin icodec may improve glycaemic control with low hypoglycaemia risk

Last updated July 18, 2026

Key finding

Change in HbA1c from baseline was -1.5%.

This study evaluated the efficacy and hypoglycaemia outcomes of once-weekly insulin icodec compared to once-daily basal insulin in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Quick read

Study at a glance

The essential study design details in one scan.

EvidenceScore™

Moderate

Study type

RCTs

Follow-up

Short-Term (≤3 mo)

Risk of bias

High Risk

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Plain-language summary

What this paper says

A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.

Study focus

This study evaluated the efficacy and hypoglycaemia outcomes of once-weekly insulin icodec compared to once-daily basal insulin in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Clinical relevance

These findings are significant for diabetes management, as they suggest that once-weekly insulin icodec may provide a more convenient dosing schedule while maintaining glycaemic control and minimizing hypoglycaemic risks, potentially improving patient adherence and quality of life.

Keep in mind

Unclear effectiveness for some outcomes. Limited generalizability due to specific population characteristics. Potential unmeasured confounders affecting results.

Published in

Journal Reference

Publication details and source links for this paper.

Alice YYC, Gayathri A, Luis C, Siri V, Ni W, Chantal M. Efficacy and hypoglycaemia outcomes of once-weekly insulin icodec versus once-daily basal insulin comparators in adults with type 2 diabetes: A post hoc analysis. Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism. 2025;28(3):1778-1790. doi:10.1111/dom.70358

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Main Effects

HbA1c decreased by 1.5% (p=0.01) from baseline with once-weekly insulin icodec.

Achievement of HbA1c <7% increased by 0.75 percentage points (p=0.05) without hypoglycaemia.

Rate of hypoglycaemic episodes showed no change, with 0 events reported (p=0.45).

Evidence network

How this study fits

Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.

Evidence Context

This study contributes evidence to Basal insulin and HbA1c, Hypoglycemia events, Proportion achieving HbA1c <7.0%.

This study contributes evidence to

Intervention

Basal insulin

Outcome

HbA1c

Evidence topic

Hypoglycemia

Primary intervention

Basal insulin

Primary outcomes

HbA1c
Hypoglycemia events
Proportion achieving HbA1c <7.0%

Evidence topics

Hypoglycemia HbA1c Reduction Insulin Therapies

Primary intervention

Basal insulin

Primary outcomes

HbA1c Hypoglycemia events Proportion achieving HbA1c <7.0%

Evidence relationships

Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.

Evidence pairs

Relationships

Evidence topics

contributes_evidence

Editorial context

Why this study matters

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Evidence network role

This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.

Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 72

Why it is useful

Contributes to 3 evidence relationships
Includes primary outcome data
Linked to 3 direct semantic evidence topics

Topic contributions

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

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Primary evidence

Evidence relationship

Insulin Therapies and HbA1c

Related evidence

Evidence relationship

Insulin Therapies and Hypoglycemia

Save evidence

Evidence topic

Hypoglycemia

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Core evidence

Study findings

The primary outcomes reported in this study.

HbA1c

Basal insulin → HbA1c

Evidence Intelligence™

EvidenceScore™: Emerging; Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™: 100; Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™: unclear; Not enough independent studies

Based on 1 study

Add to Evidence Tracker

Hypoglycemia events

Basal insulin → Hypoglycemia events

Evidence Intelligence™

EvidenceScore™: Emerging; Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™: 50; Neutral
ConsistencyScore™: unclear; Not enough independent studies

Based on 1 study

Add to Evidence Tracker

Proportion achieving HbA1c <7.0%

Basal insulin → Proportion achieving HbA1c <7.0%

Evidence Intelligence™

EvidenceScore™: Emerging; Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™: 100; Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™: unclear; Not enough independent studies

Based on 1 study

Add to Evidence Tracker

Evidence Library

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Evidence Suggest

Once-weekly insulin icodec reduced HbA1c by 1.5% (p=0.01).
0.75% increase in achieving HbA1c <7% without hypoglycaemia (p=0.05).
No significant change in hypoglycaemic episodes (0 events, p=0.45).

Who this applies to

Adults with type 2 diabetes.
Patients currently using basal insulin therapy.

Keep in Mind

The study's findings may not apply to all demographics.
Results are based on a post hoc analysis, which may limit conclusions.
Further research is needed to confirm long-term effects and safety.

Between the Lines

Unclear effectiveness for some outcomes.
Limited generalizability due to specific population characteristics.
Potential unmeasured confounders affecting results.

Evidence Library

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Connected Evidence

Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.

Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.

This study contributes to evidence on Insulin Therapies and HbA1c, Insulin Therapies and Hypoglycemia.

Related evidence relationships

Explore in Evidence Explorer

This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.

Medications

Detailed evidence

Insulin Therapies → HbA1c

Medications

Evidence Intelligence™

EvidenceScore™: Emerging; Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™: 100; Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™: unclear; Not enough independent studies

Based on 1 study

View evidence

Medications

Detailed evidence

Insulin Therapies → Hypoglycemia

Medications

Evidence Intelligence™

EvidenceScore™: Emerging; Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™: 50; Neutral
ConsistencyScore™: unclear; Not enough independent studies

Based on 1 study

View evidence

Included in these evidence collections

Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.

HbA1c Evidence Hub

All studies measuring HbA1c

1 studies

outcome_hub

Measures HbA1c as a key outcome.

Hypoglycemia Evidence Hub

All studies measuring Hypoglycemia

1 studies

outcome_hub

Measures Hypoglycemia as a key outcome.

Insulin Therapies Evidence Hub

All studies on Insulin Therapies

1 studies

intervention_hub

Contributes to Insulin Therapies evidence base.

Recent Diabetes Research

Latest published studies

recency_collection

Published within the last 2 years.

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All studies on Basal insulin and HbA1c

Intervention: Basal insulinOutcome: HbA1c

1 results

All studies on Basal insulin and Hypoglycemia events

Intervention: Basal insulinOutcome: Hypoglycemia events

1 results

All studies on Basal insulin

Intervention: Basal insulin

1 results

All studies measuring HbA1c

Outcome: HbA1c

1 results

All studies measuring Hypoglycemia events

Outcome: Hypoglycemia events

1 results

Questions answered by this study

Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.

Does Insulin Therapies improve HbA1c?

Strong Evidence

Insulin Therapies may improve HbA1c.

ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.

Ranked evidence signals

1
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
2
Proportion achieving HbA1c <7.0%
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on 9 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.

Limitations

Population details are unavailable.

View Full Evidence

Does Insulin Therapies affect hypoglycemia?

Strong Evidence

Insulin Therapies may improve Hypoglycemia.

ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.

Ranked evidence signals

1
Hypoglycemia events
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on 4 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.

Limitations

Population details are unavailable.

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Next steps

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Evidence topics

Follow the topics this study contributes to.

Hypoglycemia Evidence Hub HbA1c Reduction Evidence Hub Insulin Therapies Evidence Hub

Explore in Evidence Explorer

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All studies on Basal insulin and HbA1c All studies on Basal insulin and Proportion achieving HbA1c <7.0%All studies on Basal insulin and Hypoglycemia events

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