Last updated August 22, 2026
Key finding
The median-adjusted alkaline phosphatase level decreased significantly in the LC group (p = 0.009).
This study examined the effects of low-carbohydrate and Mediterranean diets on bone turnover markers in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes, finding significant changes in alkaline phosphatase levels.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
Save research, organize studies, and quickly find important evidence again.
Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study examined the effects of low-carbohydrate and Mediterranean diets on bone turnover markers in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes, finding significant changes in alkaline phosphatase levels.
Understanding how different diets affect bone health is crucial for managing type 1 diabetes in young individuals. Since bone health is vital for overall well-being and future risk of fractures, these findings can help guide dietary recommendations for this population.
The sample size may limit the generalizability of the findings. Short duration of the study may not capture long-term effects. Potential confounding factors were not fully controlled.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Neriya L, Noah L, Yael L, et al. Effects of Low-Carbohydrate and Mediterranean Diets on Bone Turnover Markers in Adolescents and Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes. Nutrients. 2025;17(24):3935. doi:10.3390/nu17243935
The median CTX level changed from 395 pg/mL to 423 pg/mL in the low-carbohydrate group (p = 0.278).
P1NP levels decreased from 95 ng/mL to 88 ng/mL in the low-carbohydrate group (p = 0.056).
Alkaline phosphatase levels significantly decreased by 9.5 IU/L in the low-carbohydrate group (p = 0.009).
Evidence network
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
This study contributes evidence to Low-carbohydrate diet, Mediterranean diet and C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) levels, Risk of alkaline phosphatase abnormalities after treatment, Serum P1NP.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Low-carbohydrate diet
Primary outcomes
Primary intervention
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.
Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
0
Related topics
6
Evidence pairs
0
Related studies
Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Low-carbohydrate diet → C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) levels
Low-carbohydrate diet → C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) levels
Low-carbohydrate diet → Risk of alkaline phosphatase abnormalities after treatment
Low-carbohydrate diet → Risk of alkaline phosphatase abnormalities after treatment
Mediterranean diet → C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) levels
Mediterranean diet → C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) levels
Mediterranean diet → Risk of alkaline phosphatase abnormalities after treatment
Mediterranean diet → Risk of alkaline phosphatase abnormalities after treatment
Evidence Library
Save research, organize studies, and quickly find important evidence again.
Evidence Library
Save research, organize studies, and quickly find important evidence again.
Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education and Risk of alkaline phosphatase abnormalities after treatment, Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education and C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) levels.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Diet and Nutrition
Diet and Nutrition
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) levels
Measures C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) levels as a key outcome.
All studies on Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education
Contributes to Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education evidence base.
All studies measuring Risk of alkaline phosphatase abnormalities after treatment
Measures Risk of alkaline phosphatase abnormalities after treatment as a key outcome.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
Jump to pre-filtered views in Evidence Explorer.
1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Low-carbohydrate diet appears to reduce risk of alkaline phosphatase abnormalities after treatment.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Risk of alkaline phosphatase abnormalities after treatment
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Low-carbohydrate diet for c-terminal telopeptide (CTX) levels.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) levels
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Low-carbohydrate diet for serum p1np.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Serum P1NP
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Mediterranean diet for c-terminal telopeptide (CTX) levels.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) levels
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Next steps
Choose a next path through related evidence topics, Evidence Explorer views, and research summaries.
Open broader Evidence Explorer views for this relationship.
Read related research summaries.
Focused on evidence, not advertising.
Your data is always protected.
New studies added every day.
