Last updated September 9, 2026
Key finding
GDM was diagnosed in 197 (17.4%) participants in the one-step group and 123 (10.8%) in the two-step group (OR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.49, 2.54).
This study compared one-step versus two-step screening methods for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and found a higher diagnosis rate in the one-step group.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
Non-randomized CT
Follow-up
Short-Term (≤3 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study compared one-step versus two-step screening methods for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and found a higher diagnosis rate in the one-step group.
Accurate screening for gestational diabetes is crucial for the health of both mother and child. The higher diagnosis rate with the one-step method may lead to better management and outcomes for women at risk of GDM, potentially reducing complications during pregnancy and delivery.
Non-randomized trial design may introduce bias. Results may not be generalizable to all populations. Limited sample size could affect the robustness of findings.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Jiyuan L, Jiani Z, Xiaoxue Q, et al. Comparison of One-Step Versus Two-Step Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Non-Randomized Trial. Endocrine. 2025;90(2):570-578. doi:10.1007/s12020-025-04366-w
GDM was diagnosed in 197 (17.4%) participants in the one-step group versus 123 (10.8%) in the two-step group.
There was borderline statistical significance for hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.40, 1.01).
No significant difference in macrosomia rates was observed (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.48, 1.03).
Cesarean section rates showed no significant difference between the two groups (OR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.77, 1.08).
Evidence network
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
This study contributes evidence to 50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) plus 75-g OGTT, Oral glucose tolerance test and Emergency cesarean section rate, Gestational diabetes mellitus incidence, Hypertensive disorder in pregnancy (HDP), and 1 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) plus 75-g OGTT
Primary outcomes
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
1
Related topics
8
Evidence pairs
49
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Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
matched_outcome
Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) plus 75-g OGTT → Emergency cesarean section rate
50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) plus 75-g OGTT → Emergency cesarean section rate
50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) plus 75-g OGTT → Gestational diabetes mellitus incidence
50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) plus 75-g OGTT → Gestational diabetes mellitus incidence
50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) plus 75-g OGTT → Hypertensive disorder in pregnancy (HDP)
50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) plus 75-g OGTT → Hypertensive disorder in pregnancy (HDP)
50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) plus 75-g OGTT → Incidence of macrosomia
50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) plus 75-g OGTT → Incidence of macrosomia
Oral glucose tolerance test → Emergency cesarean section rate
Oral glucose tolerance test → Emergency cesarean section rate
Oral glucose tolerance test → Gestational diabetes mellitus incidence
Oral glucose tolerance test → Gestational diabetes mellitus incidence
Oral glucose tolerance test → Hypertensive disorder in pregnancy (HDP)
Oral glucose tolerance test → Hypertensive disorder in pregnancy (HDP)
Oral glucose tolerance test → Incidence of macrosomia
Oral glucose tolerance test → Incidence of macrosomia
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on 50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) plus 75-g OGTT and Emergency cesarean section rate, 50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) plus 75-g OGTT and Diabetes Incidence and Prevention.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Behavioral & Lifestyle
Behavioral & Lifestyle
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies on 50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) plus 75-g OGTT
Contributes to 50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) plus 75-g OGTT evidence base.
All studies measuring Diabetes Incidence and Prevention
Measures Diabetes Incidence and Prevention as a key outcome.
All studies measuring Emergency cesarean section rate
Measures Emergency cesarean section rate as a key outcome.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
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1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of 50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) plus 75-g OGTT for emergency cesarean section rate.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Emergency cesarean section rate
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of 50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) plus 75-g OGTT for hypertensive disorder in pregnancy (HDP).
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Hypertensive disorder in pregnancy (HDP)
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear reduction in incidence of macrosomia with 50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) plus 75-g OGTT.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Incidence of macrosomia
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Oral glucose tolerance test for emergency cesarean section rate.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Emergency cesarean section rate
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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