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Research Summary
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™

Resistant starch improves insulin secretion in at-risk individuals

Powered by the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework

Last updated July 18, 2026

Key finding

First-phase insulin response (AIRg) increased by 36% compared to placebo (p = 0.009).

This study investigated the impact of resistant starch on insulin secretion in overweight individuals with insulin resistance, finding a significant increase in insulin response with resistant starch compared to placebo.

Quick read

Study at a glance

The essential study design details in one scan.

EvidenceScore™

Moderate

Study type

RCTs

Follow-up

Medium-Term (3–12 mo)

Risk of bias

Some Concerns

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Plain-language summary

What this paper says

A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.

Study focus

This study investigated the impact of resistant starch on insulin secretion in overweight individuals with insulin resistance, finding a significant increase in insulin response with resistant starch compared to placebo.

Clinical relevance

Improving insulin secretion is crucial for managing insulin resistance, a condition that can lead to type 2 diabetes. The findings suggest that dietary interventions like resistant starch could be a simple, effective strategy for enhancing insulin response and potentially reducing diabetes risk in overweight individuals.

Keep in mind

Limited to a specific population of overweight individuals with insulin resistance. Short duration of supplementation may not reflect long-term effects. Results may not be generalizable to other populations or dietary contexts.

Published in

Journal Reference

Publication details and source links for this paper.

Caroline LB, Leanne S, John W, Gary SF, M. DR, Daniel T. The effect of resistant starch on insulin secretion in overweight individuals with insulin resistance: a randomized crossover study. PLoS ONE. 2012;7(7):e40834. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0040834

View DOI

Main Effects

First-phase insulin secretion increased by 36% with HAM-RS2 compared to placebo (p = 0.009).

Insulin concentrations were significantly higher after HAM-RS2 supplementation (p = 0.009).

C-peptide concentrations were also significantly higher following HAM-RS2 compared to placebo (p = 0.016).

Evidence network

How this study fits

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Evidence Context

This study contributes evidence to Resistant starch (HAM-RS2) and C-peptide, First-phase insulin secretion improvement, Insulin.

This study contributes evidence to

Intervention

Resistant starch (HAM-RS2)

Outcome

C-peptide

Primary intervention

Resistant starch (HAM-RS2)

Primary outcomes

  • C-peptide
  • First-phase insulin secretion improvement
  • Insulin

Primary intervention

Resistant starch (HAM-RS2)

Primary outcomes

C-peptideFirst-phase insulin secretion improvementInsulin

Evidence relationships

Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.

3
Evidence pairs
3
Relationships
0
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence

Editorial context

Why this study matters

See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.

Evidence network role

This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.

Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 50

0

Related topics

3

Evidence pairs

0

Related studies

Why it is useful

  • Contributes to 3 evidence relationships
  • Includes primary outcome data
  • Linked to 0 direct semantic evidence topics

Core evidence

Study findings

The primary outcomes reported in this study.

C-peptide

Resistant starch (HAM-RS2) → C-peptide

Resistant starch (HAM-RS2) → C-peptide

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

First-phase insulin secretion improvement

Resistant starch (HAM-RS2) → First-phase insulin secretion improvement

Resistant starch (HAM-RS2) → First-phase insulin secretion improvement

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Insulin

Resistant starch (HAM-RS2) → Insulin

Resistant starch (HAM-RS2) → Insulin

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Evidence Library

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evidence suggest

Evidence Suggest

  • HAM-RS2 led to a 36% increase in first-phase insulin secretion.
  • Insulin and C-peptide levels were significantly higher after resistant starch compared to placebo.
  • No significant changes were observed in the placebo group.
who this applies

Who this applies to

  • Overweight individuals with insulin resistance.
  • Adults at risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
keep in mind

Keep in Mind

  • The study's findings are based on a specific dietary intervention.
  • Further research is needed to explore long-term effects and broader applicability.
  • Results may vary based on individual dietary habits and metabolic responses.
between the lines

Between the Lines

  • Limited to a specific population of overweight individuals with insulin resistance.
  • Short duration of supplementation may not reflect long-term effects.
  • Results may not be generalizable to other populations or dietary contexts.

Evidence Library

Build your evidence library

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Connected Evidence

Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.

Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.

Powered by the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework

This study contributes to evidence on Resistant starch (HAM-RS2) and C-peptide, Resistant starch (HAM-RS2) and First-phase insulin secretion improvement.

Related evidence relationships

Explore in Evidence Explorer

This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.

Questions answered by this study

Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.

Does Resistant starch (HAM-RS2) improve c-peptide?

Emerging Evidence

Resistant starch (HAM-RS2) appears to improve C-peptide.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    C-peptide

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
  • Consistency cannot yet be determined.
  • Population details are unavailable.
1 supporting studyUpdated: Jul 2026
View Full Evidence

Does Resistant starch (HAM-RS2) improve first-phase insulin secretion improvement?

Emerging Evidence

Resistant starch (HAM-RS2) appears to improve First-phase insulin secretion improvement.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    First-phase insulin secretion improvement

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
  • Consistency cannot yet be determined.
  • Population details are unavailable.
1 supporting studyUpdated: Jul 2026
View Full Evidence

Does Resistant starch (HAM-RS2) improve insulin?

Emerging Evidence

Resistant starch (HAM-RS2) appears to improve Insulin.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Insulin

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
  • Consistency cannot yet be determined.
  • Population details are unavailable.
1 supporting studyUpdated: Jul 2026
View Full Evidence
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All studies on Resistant starch (HAM-RS2) and C-peptideAll studies on Resistant starch (HAM-RS2) and First-phase insulin secretion improvementAll studies on Resistant starch (HAM-RS2) and Insulin

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