Last updated July 12, 2026
Key finding
Total daily insulin dose was higher with SMA: 54.0 ± 14.7 U vs 51.7 ± 12.1 U, p = 0.037.
This study evaluated the CamAPS FX algorithm with simplified meal announcement against carbohydrate counting in youth and young adults with type 1 diabetes, finding non-inferiority in glucose control.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
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Study focus
This study evaluated the CamAPS FX algorithm with simplified meal announcement against carbohydrate counting in youth and young adults with type 1 diabetes, finding non-inferiority in glucose control.
These findings are significant as they suggest that a simplified approach to meal announcements can effectively manage glucose levels in youth and young adults with type 1 diabetes. This could lead to easier diabetes management strategies, potentially improving adherence and quality of life for patients who may find carbohydrate counting challenging.
The study may have limited generalizability due to its specific population. The sample size and duration of the study were not specified. Potential biases in self-reported measures could affect accuracy.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Céline IL, Camillo P, Nina S, et al. Glucose control using the CamAPS FX algorithm with simplified meal announcement was non-inferior to carbohydrate counting in youth and young adults with type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2024;68(2):295-307. doi:10.1007/s00125-024-06319-w
Time in target glucose range was 69.9 ± 12.4% with SMA and 70.7 ± 13.0% with CC, showing non-inferiority.
Total daily insulin dose was higher with SMA at 54.0 ± 14.7 U compared to 51.7 ± 12.1 U with CC, p = 0.037.
Time <3.9 mmol/l was similar between SMA and CC, at 1.8% and 1.9%, respectively.
Evidence network
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
This study contributes evidence to Low-carbohydrate diet, Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet and Percentage of time spent above 10.0 mmol/L, Time above 13.9 mmol/L, Time in range, and 1 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Low-carbohydrate diet
Primary outcomes
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
1
Related topics
8
Evidence pairs
171
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Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence relationship
Related evidence
Evidence relationship
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Evidence relationship
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Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Low-carbohydrate diet → Percentage of time spent above 10.0 mmol/L
Low-carbohydrate diet → Percentage of time spent above 10.0 mmol/L
Low-carbohydrate diet → Time above 13.9 mmol/L
Low-carbohydrate diet → Time above 13.9 mmol/L
Low-carbohydrate diet → Total daily insulin dose
Low-carbohydrate diet → Total daily insulin dose
Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet → Percentage of time spent above 10.0 mmol/L
Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet → Percentage of time spent above 10.0 mmol/L
Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet → Time above 13.9 mmol/L
Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet → Time above 13.9 mmol/L
Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet → Time in range
Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet → Time in range
Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet → Total daily insulin dose
Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet → Total daily insulin dose
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education and Insulin Resistance, Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education and CGM Time in Range.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Diet and Nutrition
Diet and Nutrition
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring CGM Time in Range
Measures CGM Time in Range as a key outcome.
All studies measuring Insulin Resistance
Measures Insulin Resistance as a key outcome.
All studies on Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education
Contributes to Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education evidence base.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
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1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education may improve Insulin Resistance.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.
Ranked evidence signals
Total daily insulin dose
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.
Limitations
Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education may improve CGM Time in Range.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.
Ranked evidence signals
Percentage of time spent above 10.0 mmol/L
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Time above 13.9 mmol/L
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Time in range
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.
Limitations
Ketogenic Diets may worsen Insulin Resistance or be associated with harm.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.
Ranked evidence signals
Total daily insulin dose
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | moderate negative | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Ketogenic Diets for CGM Time in Range.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Percentage of time spent above 10.0 mmol/L
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Time above 13.9 mmol/L
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Time in range
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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