Last updated July 12, 2026
Key finding
Mean CBG before dinner was 10.07 (8.70, 11.60) vs 11.42 (9.89, 14.86), P = 0.006.
This study evaluated the effectiveness of smart insulin dosage software versus traditional physician experience in managing hyperglycemia in T2DM patients receiving insulin treatment, finding significant advantages for the software.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Short-Term (≤3 mo)
Risk of bias
High Risk
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study evaluated the effectiveness of smart insulin dosage software versus traditional physician experience in managing hyperglycemia in T2DM patients receiving insulin treatment, finding significant advantages for the software.
Effective management of blood glucose levels is crucial for individuals with T2DM to prevent complications. This study highlights the potential of technology, specifically smart insulin dosage software, to enhance diabetes management, offering a promising alternative to traditional methods that may not be as effective.
The study may have limited generalizability due to specific population characteristics. Sample size and demographic diversity were not detailed. Potential biases in self-reported data were not addressed.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Lihua Z, Chenwei W, Chunhong W, et al. Among T2DM receiving insulin treatment, the smart insulin dosage software with trend arrows has more advantage on controlling hyperglycemia than the physician’s experience. Endocrine. 2026;91(1):86. doi:10.1007/s12020-025-04509-z
Mean capillary blood glucose before dinner decreased by 1.35 mmol/L (P = 0.006).
Mean glucose from rtCGM decreased by 1.44 mmol/L (P = 0.003).
Time in range increased by 17% (P = 0.001).
Evidence network
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
This study contributes evidence to Smart insulin dosage software (App group) and Blood glucose, Glycemia risk index, Incidence of hypoglycemia, and 4 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Smart insulin dosage software (App group)
Primary outcomes
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
1
Related topics
7
Evidence pairs
171
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Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
matched_outcome
Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Smart insulin dosage software (App group) → Blood glucose
Smart insulin dosage software (App group) → Blood glucose
Smart insulin dosage software (App group) → Glycemia risk index
Smart insulin dosage software (App group) → Glycemia risk index
Smart insulin dosage software (App group) → Incidence of hypoglycemia
Smart insulin dosage software (App group) → Incidence of hypoglycemia
Smart insulin dosage software (App group) → Mean glucose from rtCGM
Smart insulin dosage software (App group) → Mean glucose from rtCGM
Smart insulin dosage software (App group) → Time above range
Smart insulin dosage software (App group) → Time above range
Smart insulin dosage software (App group) → Time below range
Smart insulin dosage software (App group) → Time below range
Smart insulin dosage software (App group) → Time in range
Smart insulin dosage software (App group) → Time in range
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Smart insulin dosage software (App group) and Fasting Glucose, Smart insulin dosage software (App group) and CGM Time in Range.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Devices & Technology
Devices & Technology
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring CGM Time in Range
Measures CGM Time in Range as a key outcome.
All studies measuring Fasting Glucose
Measures Fasting Glucose as a key outcome.
All studies on Smart insulin dosage software (App group)
Contributes to Smart insulin dosage software (App group) evidence base.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
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1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Smart insulin dosage software (App group) appears to improve Blood glucose.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Blood glucose
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Smart insulin dosage software (App group) appears to improve Mean glucose from rtCGM.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Mean glucose from rtCGM
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Smart insulin dosage software (App group) appears to improve Time above range.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Time above range
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Smart insulin dosage software (App group) appears to improve Time in range.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Time in range
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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