Last updated August 24, 2026
Key finding
SBP decreased by 5 mmHg in the HSE group.
This study investigated the effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract combined with valsartan in type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy, revealing mixed results in blood pressure and kidney function.
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EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
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Study focus
This study investigated the effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract combined with valsartan in type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy, revealing mixed results in blood pressure and kidney function.
These findings are significant for clinicians treating type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy, as they highlight the potential of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract to improve certain health markers. However, the observed decrease in kidney function underscores the need for careful monitoring and consideration of the risks versus benefits when incorporating this supplement into treatment regimens.
Limited sample size may affect generalizability. Short duration of the study may not capture long-term effects. Potential confounding factors were not fully controlled.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Maryam K, Hassan M, Ayesheh E, Somayeh G, Gokhan Z, Saeid A. The effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract as a supplemental therapy with valsartan for type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine. 2026;16(2):330-341. doi:10.22038/ajp.2025.26575
Systolic Blood Pressure decreased by 5 mmHg in the HSE group (p=0.001).
Urinary Albumin decreased by 14.669 mg/24hr in the HSE group.
Glomerular Filtration Rate decreased by 2.467 ml/min/1.73m² in the HSE group (p=0.03).
Evidence network
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This study contributes evidence to Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE), Valsartan plus Hydrochlorothiazide and Change in urinary albumin levels, Diastolic blood pressure, Estimated glomerular filtration rate, and 5 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE)
Primary outcomes
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
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Related topics
16
Evidence pairs
765
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Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
matched_outcome
Related evidence
Evidence topic
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Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) → Change in urinary albumin levels
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) → Change in urinary albumin levels
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) → Diastolic blood pressure
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) → Diastolic blood pressure
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) → Estimated glomerular filtration rate
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) → Estimated glomerular filtration rate
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) → Fasting blood sugar (FBS)
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) → Fasting blood sugar (FBS)
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) → LDL cholesterol
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) → LDL cholesterol
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) → Systolic blood pressure
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) → Systolic blood pressure
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) → Triglycerides
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) → Triglycerides
Valsartan plus Hydrochlorothiazide → Change in urinary albumin levels
Valsartan plus Hydrochlorothiazide → Change in urinary albumin levels
Valsartan plus Hydrochlorothiazide → Diastolic blood pressure
Valsartan plus Hydrochlorothiazide → Diastolic blood pressure
Valsartan plus Hydrochlorothiazide → Estimated glomerular filtration rate
Valsartan plus Hydrochlorothiazide → Estimated glomerular filtration rate
Valsartan plus Hydrochlorothiazide → Fasting blood sugar (FBS)
Valsartan plus Hydrochlorothiazide → Fasting blood sugar (FBS)
Valsartan plus Hydrochlorothiazide → LDL cholesterol
Valsartan plus Hydrochlorothiazide → LDL cholesterol
Valsartan plus Hydrochlorothiazide → Systolic blood pressure
Valsartan plus Hydrochlorothiazide → Systolic blood pressure
Valsartan plus Hydrochlorothiazide → Triglycerides
Valsartan plus Hydrochlorothiazide → Triglycerides
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) and Blood Pressure, Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) and Kidney Function.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers
Measures Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers as a key outcome.
All studies measuring Blood Pressure
Measures Blood Pressure as a key outcome.
All studies on Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE)
Contributes to Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) evidence base.
All studies measuring Kidney Function
Measures Kidney Function as a key outcome.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
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1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) appears to improve Fasting blood sugar (FBS).
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Fasting blood sugar (FBS)
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) appears to improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) appears to improve LDL cholesterol.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
LDL cholesterol
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) appears to improve Systolic blood pressure.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Systolic blood pressure
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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