Last updated July 22, 2026
Key finding
At 12 months, the periodontal treatment did not show significant differences in decreasing glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) level.
This study investigated the impact of ozone therapy on glycated hemoglobin levels in type 2 diabetes patients, finding no significant reduction in HbA1c levels.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Long-Term (1–5 y)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study investigated the impact of ozone therapy on glycated hemoglobin levels in type 2 diabetes patients, finding no significant reduction in HbA1c levels.
Understanding the effectiveness of ozone therapy in managing diabetes is crucial, as it may offer alternative treatment options for patients struggling with conventional methods. The lack of significant HbA1c reduction suggests that while ozone therapy may enhance periodontal health, it may not directly impact glycemic control, which is vital for diabetes management.
The study did not include a larger sample size, limiting generalizability. The follow-up period was limited to 12 months, potentially missing long-term effects. No significant differences in HbA1c levels may indicate a need for longer treatment duration.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Biagio R, Elisabetta F, Massimo C, et al. The Effect of Ozone Therapy on Glycated Hemoglobin Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020;17(15):5467. doi:10.3390/ijerph17155467
Conventional treatment did not significantly reduce HbA1c levels at 12 months.
Ozone therapy increased plaque index by 13% at 12 months.
Ozone therapy significantly decreased probing depth by 61% at 12 months.
Ozone therapy significantly decreased bleeding on probing by 92% at 12 months.
Evidence network
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This study contributes evidence to Non-surgical periodontal treatment and Bleeding on probing, Clinical attachment level, HbA1c, and 2 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Non-surgical periodontal treatment
Primary outcomes
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
1
Related topics
5
Evidence pairs
310
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Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
matched_outcome
Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Non-surgical periodontal treatment → Bleeding on probing
Non-surgical periodontal treatment → Bleeding on probing
Non-surgical periodontal treatment → Clinical attachment level
Non-surgical periodontal treatment → Clinical attachment level
Non-surgical periodontal treatment → Periodontal probing depth
Non-surgical periodontal treatment → Periodontal probing depth
Non-surgical periodontal treatment → Plaque Index (PI)
Non-surgical periodontal treatment → Plaque Index (PI)
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Non-surgical periodontal treatment and Clinical attachment level, Non-surgical periodontal treatment and HbA1c.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring Clinical attachment level
Measures Clinical attachment level as a key outcome.
All studies measuring HbA1c
Measures HbA1c as a key outcome.
All studies on Non-surgical periodontal treatment
Contributes to Non-surgical periodontal treatment evidence base.
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10 results
10 results
10 results
10 results
10 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Non-surgical periodontal treatment may improve Clinical attachment level.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Clinical attachment level
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 84.4 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Non-surgical periodontal treatment may improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 83.6 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Non-surgical periodontal treatment may improve Periodontal probing depth.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Periodontal probing depth
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 83.4 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Non-surgical periodontal treatment appears to improve Plaque Index (PI).
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Plaque Index (PI)
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 81.9 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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