Last updated July 22, 2026
Key finding
HbA1c decreased from 7.3 ± 0.8% at baseline to 7.1 ± 0.6% at 6 months.
Non-surgical periodontal treatment with topical antibiotics showed improvements in glycemic control among type 2 diabetes patients.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Short-Term (≤3 mo)
Risk of bias
High Risk
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
Non-surgical periodontal treatment with topical antibiotics showed improvements in glycemic control among type 2 diabetes patients.
Improving glycemic control is crucial for managing type 2 diabetes and reducing the risk of complications. This study highlights the potential role of oral health treatments in diabetes management, suggesting that addressing periodontal disease may have broader health implications for diabetic patients.
Non-randomized design limits causal inference. Single-arm study may affect generalizability. Lack of long-term follow-up data.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Sayaka K, Toshiyuki N, Hiroaki K, et al. Non-surgical periodontal treatment with topical antibiotics improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients. Journal of Diabetes Investigation. 2012;3(4):402-409. doi:10.1111/j.2040-1124.2012.00209.x
HbA1c decreased from 7.3% to 7.1% (effect size: -0.2%)
BOP decreased from 46.6% to 24.7% (effect size: -21.9%)
PPD decreased from 2.7 mm to 2.1 mm (effect size: -0.6 mm)
Evidence network
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This study contributes evidence to Non-surgical periodontal treatment and Bleeding on probing, C-reactive protein, HbA1c, and 3 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Non-surgical periodontal treatment
Primary outcomes
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
2
Related topics
6
Evidence pairs
368
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Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
matched_outcome
Related evidence
Evidence topic
Save evidence
Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Non-surgical periodontal treatment → Bleeding on probing
Non-surgical periodontal treatment → Bleeding on probing
Non-surgical periodontal treatment → C-reactive protein
Non-surgical periodontal treatment → C-reactive protein
Non-surgical periodontal treatment → Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
Non-surgical periodontal treatment → Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
Non-surgical periodontal treatment → Periodontal probing depth
Non-surgical periodontal treatment → Periodontal probing depth
Non-surgical periodontal treatment → Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α)
Non-surgical periodontal treatment → Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α)
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Non-surgical periodontal treatment and HbA1c, Non-surgical periodontal treatment and Periodontal probing depth.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring Periodontal probing depth
Measures Periodontal probing depth as a key outcome.
All studies measuring HbA1c
Measures HbA1c as a key outcome.
All studies on Non-surgical periodontal treatment
Contributes to Non-surgical periodontal treatment evidence base.
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10 results
11 results
10 results
10 results
11 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Non-surgical periodontal treatment may improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 83.6 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Non-surgical periodontal treatment may improve Periodontal probing depth.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Periodontal probing depth
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 83.4 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Non-surgical periodontal treatment may improve C-reactive protein.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.
Ranked evidence signals
C-reactive protein
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 81.1 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Mixed | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.
Limitations
Non-surgical periodontal treatment may improve Bleeding on probing.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Bleeding on probing
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 79.6 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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