Last updated August 22, 2026
Key finding
RYGB induced a rise in ACTH levels upon an oral glucose load.
The study investigated the hormonal adaptations following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) in patients with type 2 diabetes, revealing significant hormonal changes.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Long-Term (1–5 y)
Risk of bias
High Risk
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
The study investigated the hormonal adaptations following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) in patients with type 2 diabetes, revealing significant hormonal changes.
Understanding the hormonal changes following RYGB is crucial for managing type 2 diabetes. The surgery may not only aid in weight loss but also improve metabolic health by altering hormone levels that regulate glucose and appetite, potentially leading to better long-term outcomes for patients.
Effectiveness of hormonal changes remains unclear due to lack of statistical significance. Limited sample size may affect generalizability of findings. Long-term effects of hormonal adaptations were not assessed.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Giovanni F, Petros K, Bipasha NJ, et al. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass induces hormonal adaptations in patients with type 2 diabetes. Endocrine Connections. 2022;11(8):e220172. doi:10.1530/EC-22-0172
RYGB induced a rise in ACTH levels by 1.5 pg/mL upon an oral glucose load.
Cortisol levels decreased by 2 µg/dL after RYGB during fasting and post-arginine challenge.
RYGB increased GH levels by 3 ng/mL upon an oral glucose load.
Enhanced GLP-1 responses were observed after RYGB, with an increase of 4 pmol/L.
Evidence network
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This study contributes evidence to Gastric bypass and Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels following RYGB, GLP-1, Glucagon, and 5 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Gastric bypass
Primary outcomes
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
1
Related topics
8
Evidence pairs
12
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Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence relationship
Related evidence
Evidence topic
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Intervention
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Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Gastric bypass → Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels following RYGB
Gastric bypass → Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels following RYGB
Gastric bypass → Growth hormone levels following RYGB
Gastric bypass → Growth hormone levels following RYGB
Gastric bypass → Peptide YY (PYY) levels after RYGB
Gastric bypass → Peptide YY (PYY) levels after RYGB
Gastric bypass → Postprandial GIP incremental area under the curve (iAUC)
Gastric bypass → Postprandial GIP incremental area under the curve (iAUC)
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Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Bariatric Procedures and Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels following RYGB, Bariatric Procedures and GLP-1.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Procedures
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels following RYGB
Measures Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels following RYGB as a key outcome.
All studies on Bariatric Procedures
Contributes to Bariatric Procedures evidence base.
All studies measuring GLP-1
Measures GLP-1 as a key outcome.
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1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Bariatric Procedures appears to improve Insulin Resistance.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Insulin
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 4 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
Gastric bypass appears to improve Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels following RYGB.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels following RYGB
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Gastric bypass appears to improve Growth hormone levels following RYGB.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Growth hormone levels following RYGB
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Gastric bypass appears to improve Peptide YY (PYY) levels after RYGB.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Peptide YY (PYY) levels after RYGB
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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