Key finding
By 12 weeks, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels reached adequate levels.
This study investigated the impact of whole-grain intake on vitamin D levels in pre-diabetic individuals, finding improvements with both 50g and 100g daily interventions.
Evidence strength
Moderate confidence
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
Population
Young Adult (19–39), Middle Aged (40-64), Male, Female, Asia-Pacific (APAC), with T2 Diabetes
Intervention
Whole-grain dietary intervention (50g/day), Whole-grain dietary intervention (100g/day), Control group (Regular diet)
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Primary outcome
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels at 12 weeks (50g/day)
Comparator
Control Group C
Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study's main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study investigated the impact of whole-grain intake on vitamin D levels in pre-diabetic individuals, finding improvements with both 50g and 100g daily interventions.
Improving vitamin D status in pre-diabetic individuals is crucial as it may help prevent the progression to type 2 diabetes and associated complications. This study suggests that incorporating whole grains into the diet could be a simple and effective dietary strategy for enhancing vitamin D levels, which is vital for bone health and immune function.
The study's sample size and demographic characteristics may limit generalizability. The duration of the intervention was relatively short at 12 weeks. Potential confounding factors affecting vitamin D levels were not fully controlled.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
TingTing L, LiMing W, LingLing O, Jing F, JiaLi C, ZhaoLong G. Sustained whole-grain intake improves vitamin D status in pre-diabetic individuals. Frontiers in Nutrition. 2025;12:1658961. doi:10.3389/fnut.2025.1658961
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Participants consuming 50g of whole grains daily showed an increase in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels by 5.62 ng/mL (p < 0.0001).
Participants consuming 100g of whole grains daily showed an increase in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels by 7.86 ng/mL (p < 0.0001).
The control group showed no change in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (0 ng/mL, p = 0.45).
Evidence network
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
This study contributes evidence to Whole-grain dietary intervention (100g/day), Whole-grain dietary intervention (50g/day) and Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Whole-grain dietary intervention (100g/day)
Primary outcomes
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
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Related topics
2
Evidence pairs
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Related studies
Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Whole-grain dietary intervention (100g/day) → Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D
Whole-grain dietary intervention (100g/day) → Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D
Evidence profile
Whole-grain dietary intervention (50g/day) → Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D
Whole-grain dietary intervention (50g/day) → Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D
Evidence profile
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Whole-grain dietary intervention (100g/day) and Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers, Whole-grain dietary intervention (50g/day) and Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Diet and Nutrition
Diet and Nutrition
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers
Measures Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers as a key outcome.
All studies on Whole-grain dietary intervention (100g/day)
Contributes to Whole-grain dietary intervention (100g/day) evidence base.
All studies on Whole-grain dietary intervention (50g/day)
Contributes to Whole-grain dietary intervention (50g/day) evidence base.
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1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Whole-grain dietary intervention (100g/day) appears to improve Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D.
ConsensusScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 51.7 | strong positive | ConsensusScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Whole-grain dietary intervention (50g/day) appears to improve Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D.
ConsensusScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 51.7 | strong positive | ConsensusScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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