Last updated July 18, 2026
Key finding
Pain decreased by 2.2 (95% CI: -2.8 to -1.6, p < 0.001)
This study evaluated the effects of therapeutic ultrasound on muscle soreness and fatigue in women with type 2 diabetes. Results indicated significant reductions in pain and fatigue levels.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Short-Term (≤3 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
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Study focus
This study evaluated the effects of therapeutic ultrasound on muscle soreness and fatigue in women with type 2 diabetes. Results indicated significant reductions in pain and fatigue levels.
These findings highlight the potential of therapeutic ultrasound as a non-invasive treatment option for managing exercise-induced muscle soreness and fatigue in women with type 2 diabetes. By improving pain and fatigue levels, this intervention may enhance physical activity adherence and overall quality of life for this population, addressing both physical and psychological aspects of diabetes management.
Limited to women with type 2 diabetes, affecting generalizability No long-term follow-up data to assess sustainability of effects Sample size not specified, which may impact statistical power
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Tahereh B, Mohammadreza R, Javad NK. Ultrasound therapy for exercise-induced muscle soreness and fatigue relief in women with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2025;16:20420188251362091. doi:10.1177/20420188251362091
Pain decreased by 2.2 points on the Von Korff scale (p < 0.001)
Fatigue decreased by 1.8 points on the Borg scale (p = 0.004)
HbA1c decreased by 0.5% (p = 0.03)
Evidence network
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This study contributes evidence to Exercise therapy and Creatine kinase (CK) levels, Fasting blood sugar (FBS), Fatigue measured by Borg scale, and 4 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Exercise therapy
Primary outcomes
Primary intervention
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
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Related topics
7
Evidence pairs
578
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Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
matched_outcome
Related evidence
Evidence topic
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Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Exercise therapy → Creatine kinase (CK) levels
Exercise therapy → Creatine kinase (CK) levels
Exercise therapy → Fasting blood sugar (FBS)
Exercise therapy → Fasting blood sugar (FBS)
Exercise therapy → Fatigue measured by Borg scale
Exercise therapy → Fatigue measured by Borg scale
Exercise therapy → Pain measured using the Von Korff scale
Exercise therapy → Pain measured using the Von Korff scale
Exercise therapy → Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α)
Exercise therapy → Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α)
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Exercise therapy and HbA1c, Exercise therapy and Inflammatory Markers.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Physical Activity
Physical Activity
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies on Exercise therapy
Contributes to Exercise therapy evidence base.
All studies measuring HbA1c
Measures HbA1c as a key outcome.
All studies measuring Inflammatory Markers
Measures Inflammatory Markers as a key outcome.
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Published within the last 2 years.
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6 results
4 results
6 results
6 results
4 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Exercise therapy may improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 81.1 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Exercise therapy appears to improve Interleukin-6 (IL-6).
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 79.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Exercise therapy may improve Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α).
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α)
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 79.0 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Exercise therapy appears to improve Fasting blood sugar (FBS).
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Fasting blood sugar (FBS)
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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