Last updated July 22, 2026
Key finding
Supplementation with the synbiotic with NSPT led to a significant decrease in the levels of IL-1β post-intervention (p < 0.05).
This study investigated the effects of a multispecies probiotic supplement combined with non-surgical periodontal therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes, finding significant improvements in inflammatory and periodontal markers.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Extended (5–20+ y)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
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Study focus
This study investigated the effects of a multispecies probiotic supplement combined with non-surgical periodontal therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes, finding significant improvements in inflammatory and periodontal markers.
Improving periodontal health is crucial for patients with type 2 diabetes, as periodontal disease can exacerbate diabetes-related complications. The findings suggest that incorporating synbiotic supplementation into periodontal treatment may enhance patient outcomes, potentially leading to better overall health management for diabetic patients.
Non-randomized design limits causal inference. Sample size not specified, affecting generalizability. Lack of long-term follow-up data.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Hadi B, Leila M, Mohsen Y, et al. Synbiotic Supplementation with Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy Improves Inflammatory and Periodontal Status in Type 2 Diabetes Patients. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy. 2020;13:19-29. doi:10.2147/DMSO.S230060
Significant decrease in IL-1β levels by -0.45 pg/mL (p = 0.001)
Significant decrease in clinical attachment loss by -0.52 mm (p = 0.001)
Significant increase in total antioxidant capacity by 0.04 mM (p = 0.001)
Evidence network
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This study contributes evidence to Multispecies probiotic supplementation and Bleeding on probing, Change in Serum IL-1β Levels, Clinical attachment level, and 6 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Multispecies probiotic supplementation
Primary outcomes
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
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2
Related topics
9
Evidence pairs
76
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Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence relationship
Related evidence
Evidence relationship
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Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Bleeding on probing
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Bleeding on probing
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Change in Serum IL-1β Levels
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Change in Serum IL-1β Levels
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Clinical attachment level
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Clinical attachment level
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Glutathione peroxidase (GPx)
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Glutathione peroxidase (GPx)
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Malondialdehyde (MDA)
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Malondialdehyde (MDA)
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Periodontal probing depth
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Periodontal probing depth
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Plaque Index (PI)
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Plaque Index (PI)
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Superoxide Dismutase (SOD)
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Superoxide Dismutase (SOD)
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC)
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC)
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Probiotics and Synbiotics and Oxidative Stress Markers, Probiotics and Synbiotics and Bleeding on probing.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring Oxidative Stress Markers
Measures Oxidative Stress Markers as a key outcome.
All studies on Probiotics and Synbiotics
Contributes to Probiotics and Synbiotics evidence base.
All studies measuring Bleeding on probing
Measures Bleeding on probing as a key outcome.
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2 results
1 results
2 results
2 results
1 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Probiotics and Synbiotics may improve Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Superoxide Dismutase (SOD)
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC)
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 11 supporting studies with generally consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
Probiotics and Synbiotics appears to improve Oxidative Stress Markers.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Malondialdehyde (MDA)
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a small number of supporting studies and should be interpreted cautiously.
Limitations
Multispecies probiotic supplementation appears to improve Bleeding on probing.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Bleeding on probing
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Multispecies probiotic supplementation appears to improve Change in Serum IL-1β Levels.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Change in Serum IL-1β Levels
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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