#1 Fasting Glucose
Probiotics and Synbiotics → Fasting Glucose
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 85
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 82
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 64
- generally_consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 11 studies
Explore evidenceSupplements
Vitamins, botanicals, probiotics, extracts, and dietary supplements. Use examples: Vitamin D, berberine, probiotics, herbal extracts
Last updated: July 15, 2026
Key takeaway
Supplements has evidence across 10 diabetes-related outcomes, with strongest support for Fasting Glucose, Insulin Resistance and HbA1c.
Evidence status
Moderate ResearchEvidence Strength: 60/100
Related Evidence Topics
Evidence Intelligence™
Every evidence topic is generated from structured relationships across diabetes research, including topics, interventions, outcomes, and individual studies.
441
Evidence relationships
484
Studies reviewed
20
Outcomes evaluated
Strongest evidence area
Fasting Glucose
Top Interventions
Showing grouped evidence. Expand in Evidence Explorer for detailed intervention-outcome pairs.Open Evidence Explorer
| Rank | Outcome group | EvidenceScore™ | ImpactScore™ | Consistency | Studies | Effectiveness | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | Fasting Glucose | 85/100Strong | 82/100Positive | 64/100generally_consistent | 11 | moderate_positive | Explore evidence |
| #2 | Insulin Resistance | 84/100Strong | 70/100Positive | 60/100generally_consistent | 5 | moderate_positive | Explore evidence |
| #3 | HbA1c | 84/100Strong | 88/100Very Positive | 100/100consistent | 12 | strong_positive | Explore evidence |
| #4 | Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers | 83/100Strong | 70/100Positive | 56/100generally_consistent | 10 | moderate_positive | Explore evidence |
| #5 | Inflammatory Markers | 79/100Strong | 83/100Positive | 67/100generally_consistent | 3 | moderate_positive | Explore evidence |
| #6 | Fasting Glucose | 78/100Strong | 67/100Slightly Positive | 67/100generally_consistent | 3 | weak_positive | Explore evidence |
| #7 | Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers | 77/100Strong | 83/100Positive | 67/100generally_consistent | 3 | moderate_positive | Explore evidence |
| #8 | Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers | Moderate | 100/100Very Positive | 35/100mixed | 2 | strong_positive | Explore evidence |
| #9 | Body Mass Index | Moderate | 75/100Positive | 35/100mixed | 2 | moderate_positive | Explore evidence |
| #10 | HbA1c | Moderate | 75/100Positive | 35/100mixed | 2 | moderate_positive | Explore evidence |
#2 Insulin Resistance
Probiotics and Synbiotics → Insulin Resistance
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 84
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 70
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 60
- generally_consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 5 studies
Explore evidence#3 HbA1c
Probiotics and Synbiotics → HbA1c
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 84
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 88
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 100
- consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 12 studies
Explore evidence#4 Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers
Probiotics and Synbiotics → Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 83
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 70
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 56
- generally_consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 10 studies
Explore evidence#5 Inflammatory Markers
Probiotics and Synbiotics → Inflammatory Markers
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 79
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 83
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 67
- generally_consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 3 studies
Explore evidence#6 Fasting Glucose
Curcumin Supplements → Fasting Glucose
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 78
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 67
- Slightly Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 67
- generally_consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 3 studies
Explore evidence#7 Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers
Magnesium Supplements → Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 77
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 83
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 67
- generally_consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 3 studies
Explore evidence#8 Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers
Curcumin Supplements → Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Moderate
- Score 69 · Based on 2 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 35
- mixed
Supporting studies: Based on 2 studies
Explore evidence#9 Body Mass Index
Curcumin Supplements → Body Mass Index
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Moderate
- Score 69 · Based on 2 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 75
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 35
- mixed
Supporting studies: Based on 2 studies
Explore evidence#10 HbA1c
Curcumin Supplements → HbA1c
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Moderate
- Score 69 · Based on 2 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 75
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 35
- mixed
Supporting studies: Based on 2 studies
Explore evidencePractical Questions
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
Which outcomes have the strongest evidence for Supplements?
evidence strengthStrong Evidence
Fasting insulin levels, HbA1c, and Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D have the strongest available evidence signals for Supplements.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 81.9 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 5 studies
- 2
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 80.4 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 6 studies
- 3
Fasting insulin levels
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 79.0 | weak positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 4 studies
Why this answer: This answer is based on 11 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
- Population details are unavailable.
What outcomes does Supplements appear to affect most often?
most studiedEmerging Evidence
HbA1c, Triglycerides, and Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) are among the most studied areas in relation to Supplements.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 81.9 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 40 studies
- 2
Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 79.0 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 24 studies
- 3
Triglycerides
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 15 studies
Why this answer: This answer is based on 49 supporting studies and existing graph evidence signals.
Limitations
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Where are results mixed or inconsistent for Supplements?
consistency issuesModerate Evidence
Results are mixed or unclear for HbA1c, Fasting blood sugar (FBS), and Total cholesterol in relation to Supplements.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.
Evidence caveat: The evidence includes both beneficial and harmful or worsening results.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Insulin resistance
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 79.0 | weak positive | ConsistencyScore™ Mixed | 4 studies
- 2
Total cholesterol
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Mixed | 4 studies
- 3
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Mixed | 2 studies
Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.
Limitations
- Population details are unavailable.
Which outcomes need more research for Supplements?
research gapsEmerging Evidence
Fasting insulin levels, Glucose iAUC (OGTT), and HbA1c need more research in relation to Supplements.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Fasting insulin levels
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | weak positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
- 2
Glucose iAUC (OGTT)
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
- 3
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
How does HbA1c compare with Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D for Supplements?
compareStrong Evidence
HbA1c and Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D have available evidence for Supplements, but the comparison requires review of the underlying studies.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 81.9 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 5 studies
- 2
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 80.4 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 6 studies
Why this answer: This answer is based on 9 supporting studies with generally consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
- Population details are unavailable.
Outcomes Influenced by Supplements
Outcomes most commonly studied in relation to supplements interventions.
HbA1c Reduction
EvidenceScore™ 61/100
Evidence related to lowering or improving HbA1c/A1C in diabetes management.
43 Studies
Glycemic Control
EvidenceScore™ 60/100
Evidence related to blood glucose control, fasting glucose, postprandial glucose, glucose variability, and time in range.
63 Studies
Inflammatory and Vascular Markers
EvidenceScore™ 60/100
Evidence related to inflammatory, oxidative stress, endothelial, and vascular biomarkers measured in diabetes studies.
25 Studies
Cardiovascular Risk
EvidenceScore™ 59/100
Evidence related to cardiovascular risk, cardiovascular events, ASCVD risk, vascular function, functional capacity, and mortality outcomes in diabetes studies.
7 Studies
Treatment Adherence
EvidenceScore™ 59/100
Evidence related to treatment adherence, medication use, physical activity participation, step count, diet intake, fruit and vegetable intake, and self-care behavior adherence.
1 Study
Weight Loss
EvidenceScore™ 59/100
Evidence related to body weight reduction, BMI improvement, waist circumference, and body composition changes.
20 Studies
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Evidence Landscape
Evidence landscape
Each bubble represents an evidence relationship. Position shows effectiveness and EvidenceScoreâ„¢; size reflects study volume.
- Strong evidence
- Moderate evidence
- Limited evidence
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